Journal ArticleDOI
Gut Microbiota in Health and Disease
TLDR
The advances in modeling and analysis of gut microbiota will further the authors' knowledge of their role in health and disease, allowing customization of existing and future therapeutic and prophylactic modalities.Abstract:
Gut microbiota is an assortment of microorganisms inhabiting the length and width of the mammalian gastrointestinal tract. The composition of this microbial community is host specific, evolving throughout an individual's lifetime and susceptible to both exogenous and endogenous modifications. Recent renewed interest in the structure and function of this "organ" has illuminated its central position in health and disease. The microbiota is intimately involved in numerous aspects of normal host physiology, from nutritional status to behavior and stress response. Additionally, they can be a central or a contributing cause of many diseases, affecting both near and far organ systems. The overall balance in the composition of the gut microbial community, as well as the presence or absence of key species capable of effecting specific responses, is important in ensuring homeostasis or lack thereof at the intestinal mucosa and beyond. The mechanisms through which microbiota exerts its beneficial or detrimental influences remain largely undefined, but include elaboration of signaling molecules and recognition of bacterial epitopes by both intestinal epithelial and mucosal immune cells. The advances in modeling and analysis of gut microbiota will further our knowledge of their role in health and disease, allowing customization of existing and future therapeutic and prophylactic modalities.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Recombinant TNFα as oral vaccine adjuvant protects European sea bass against vibriosis: Insights into the role of the CCL25/CCR9 axis
Jorge Galindo-Villegas,Iván Mulero,Alicia García-Alcázar,Iciar Muñoz,Marcos Peñalver-Mellado,Sergio Streitenberger,Giuseppe Scapigliati,José Meseguer,Victoriano Mulero +8 more
TL;DR: The results demonstrate that improved oral vaccines targeting key cytokines may provide a means to selectively modulate fish immune defence, and improve the ability of oral vaccines to uptake, processing, and presentation of luminal antigens.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bacterial Diversity of Intestinal Microbiota in Patients with Substance Use Disorders Revealed by 16S rRNA Gene Deep Sequencing.
Yu Xu,Zhenrong Xie,Huawei Wang,Shen Zongwen,Youbing Guo,Yunhong Gao,Xin Chen,Qiang Wu,Xuejun Li,Kunhua Wang +9 more
TL;DR: Overall, the analyses show that there seem to be changes in the microbiota that are associated with substance use across an array of SUDs, providing fundamental knowledge for future research in substance-addiction assessment tests.
Journal ArticleDOI
The New Era of Treatment for Obesity and Metabolic Disorders: Evidence and Expectations for Gut Microbiome Transplantation
Thilini N. Jayasinghe,Valentina Chiavaroli,David J. Holland,Wayne S. Cutfield,Wayne S. Cutfield,Justin M. O'Sullivan,Justin M. O'Sullivan +6 more
TL;DR: Benefits, procedures, and issues associated with GMT, with a special focus on obesity, are summarized and evidence for GMT effectiveness in the treatment of obesity is preliminary.
Journal ArticleDOI
Phytochemicals as modifiers of gut microbial communities.
TL;DR: The potential interactions between prominent phytochemicals and health benefits related to the GM are highlighted, emphasizing their potential as adjuvant strategies for GM-related diseases.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characterization of the anti-inflammatory Lactobacillus reuteri BM36301 and its probiotic benefits on aged mice.
Joon Lee,Woo Yang,Andrew Hostetler,Nathan Schultz,Mark A. Suckow,Mark A. Suckow,Kay L. Stewart,Daniel D. Kim,Hyung Soo Kim +8 more
TL;DR: The L. reuteri BM36301 was selected as an anti-inflammatory strain in vitro and helped mice maintain healthy conditions as they aged and is proposed as a potential probiotic strain to improve various aspects of aging issues.
References
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