Journal ArticleDOI
Gut Microbiota in Health and Disease
TLDR
The advances in modeling and analysis of gut microbiota will further the authors' knowledge of their role in health and disease, allowing customization of existing and future therapeutic and prophylactic modalities.Abstract:
Gut microbiota is an assortment of microorganisms inhabiting the length and width of the mammalian gastrointestinal tract. The composition of this microbial community is host specific, evolving throughout an individual's lifetime and susceptible to both exogenous and endogenous modifications. Recent renewed interest in the structure and function of this "organ" has illuminated its central position in health and disease. The microbiota is intimately involved in numerous aspects of normal host physiology, from nutritional status to behavior and stress response. Additionally, they can be a central or a contributing cause of many diseases, affecting both near and far organ systems. The overall balance in the composition of the gut microbial community, as well as the presence or absence of key species capable of effecting specific responses, is important in ensuring homeostasis or lack thereof at the intestinal mucosa and beyond. The mechanisms through which microbiota exerts its beneficial or detrimental influences remain largely undefined, but include elaboration of signaling molecules and recognition of bacterial epitopes by both intestinal epithelial and mucosal immune cells. The advances in modeling and analysis of gut microbiota will further our knowledge of their role in health and disease, allowing customization of existing and future therapeutic and prophylactic modalities.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Impact of intrapartum antimicrobial prophylaxis upon the intestinal microbiota and the prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes in vaginally delivered full-term neonates
Alicja Nogacka,Nuria Salazar,Marta Suárez,Christian Milani,Silvia Arboleya,Silvia Arboleya,Gonzalo Solís,Nuria Fernández,Lidia Alaez,Ana María Hernández-Barranco,Clara G. de los Reyes-Gavilán,Marco Ventura,Miguel Gueimonde +12 more
TL;DR: An effect of IAP is indicated on the establishing early microbiota during the first months of life, which represent a key moment for the development of the microbiota-induced host homeostasis in IAP-exposed neonates.
Journal ArticleDOI
Analyses of Intestinal Microbiota: Culture versus Sequencing.
TL;DR: In this review, differences and pitfalls in current experimental protocols are summarized, including all steps from nucleic acid extraction to bioinformatical analysis which may produce variation that outweighs subtle biological differences.
Journal ArticleDOI
Calcium alginate-carboxymethyl cellulose beads for colon-targeted drug delivery
Tarun Agarwal,S. N. Gautham Hari Narayana,Kunal Pal,Krishna Pramanik,Supratim Giri,Indranil Banerjee +5 more
TL;DR: Cytotoxicity data, nuclear condensation-fragmentation and apoptosis analysis together confirmed the therapeutic potential of the CA-CMC formulations and they can be used for colon-specific drug delivery.
Patent
Probiotic recolonisation therapy
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed pharmaceutical compositions suitable for the treatment of chronic diseases associated with the presence of abnormal or an abnormal distribution of microflora in the gastrointestinal tract of a mammalian host, which compositions comprise viable non-pathogenic or attenuated pathogenic Clostridia.
Journal ArticleDOI
Faecalibacterium prausnitzii A2-165 has a high capacity to induce IL-10 in human and murine dendritic cells and modulates T cell responses
Oriana Rossi,Lisette A. van Berkel,Florian Chain,Florian Chain,M. Tanweer Khan,Nico Taverne,Harry Sokol,Sylvia H. Duncan,Harry J. Flint,Hermie J. M. Harmsen,Philippe Langella,Philippe Langella,Janneke N. Samsom,Jerry M. Wells +13 more
TL;DR: Principal component analysis revealed that the cytokine response to F. prausnitzii A2-165 is distinct from the other strains in eliciting high amounts of IL-10 secretion, and support the notion that this abundant bacterium might contribute to immune homeostasis in the intestine via its anti-inflammatory properties.
References
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Microbial ecology: Human gut microbes associated with obesity
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