Journal ArticleDOI
Gut Microbiota in Health and Disease
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TLDR
The advances in modeling and analysis of gut microbiota will further the authors' knowledge of their role in health and disease, allowing customization of existing and future therapeutic and prophylactic modalities.Abstract:
Gut microbiota is an assortment of microorganisms inhabiting the length and width of the mammalian gastrointestinal tract. The composition of this microbial community is host specific, evolving throughout an individual's lifetime and susceptible to both exogenous and endogenous modifications. Recent renewed interest in the structure and function of this "organ" has illuminated its central position in health and disease. The microbiota is intimately involved in numerous aspects of normal host physiology, from nutritional status to behavior and stress response. Additionally, they can be a central or a contributing cause of many diseases, affecting both near and far organ systems. The overall balance in the composition of the gut microbial community, as well as the presence or absence of key species capable of effecting specific responses, is important in ensuring homeostasis or lack thereof at the intestinal mucosa and beyond. The mechanisms through which microbiota exerts its beneficial or detrimental influences remain largely undefined, but include elaboration of signaling molecules and recognition of bacterial epitopes by both intestinal epithelial and mucosal immune cells. The advances in modeling and analysis of gut microbiota will further our knowledge of their role in health and disease, allowing customization of existing and future therapeutic and prophylactic modalities.read more
Citations
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A fresh look at the hygiene hypothesis: how intestinal microbial exposure drives immune effector responses in atopic disease.
TL;DR: Overall, harnessing current mechanistic studies for translational research into microbiota composition and function in relation to atopy have potential for the design of therapeutics that could moderate these diseases.
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Role of Nrf2 dysfunction in uremia-associated intestinal inflammation and epithelial barrier disruption.
Wei Ling Lau,Shuman Liu,Sogol Pahlevan,Jun Yuan,Mahyar Khazaeli,Zhenmin Ni,Jefferson Y. Chan,Nosratola D. Vaziri +7 more
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Epithelial cell proliferation arrest induced by lactate and acetate from Lactobacillus casei and Bifidobacterium breve.
Takahiro Matsuki,Thierry Pedron,Béatrice Regnault,Céline Mulet,Taeko Hara,Philippe J. Sansonetti,Philippe J. Sansonetti +6 more
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Sensitivity of pathogenic and commensal bacteria from the human colon to essential oils
TL;DR: The selective effects of some EO might have beneficial effects on gut health if chosen carefully for effectiveness against different species, as measured using propidium iodide.
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Modulating Composition and Metabolic Activity of the Gut Microbiota in IBD Patients
Mario Matijašić,Tomislav Meštrović,Mihaela Perić,Hana Čipčić Paljetak,Marina Panek,Darija Vranešić Bender,Dina Ljubas Kelečić,Željko Krznarić,Donatella Verbanac +8 more
TL;DR: Therapeutic approaches at the microbiota level, such as dietary interventions alone or with probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics, administration of antibiotics, performing fecal microbiota transplantation and the use of nematodes, all represent a promising opportunities towards establishing and maintaining of well-being as well as improving underlying IBD symptoms.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
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