Journal ArticleDOI
Gut Microbiota in Health and Disease
TLDR
The advances in modeling and analysis of gut microbiota will further the authors' knowledge of their role in health and disease, allowing customization of existing and future therapeutic and prophylactic modalities.Abstract:
Gut microbiota is an assortment of microorganisms inhabiting the length and width of the mammalian gastrointestinal tract. The composition of this microbial community is host specific, evolving throughout an individual's lifetime and susceptible to both exogenous and endogenous modifications. Recent renewed interest in the structure and function of this "organ" has illuminated its central position in health and disease. The microbiota is intimately involved in numerous aspects of normal host physiology, from nutritional status to behavior and stress response. Additionally, they can be a central or a contributing cause of many diseases, affecting both near and far organ systems. The overall balance in the composition of the gut microbial community, as well as the presence or absence of key species capable of effecting specific responses, is important in ensuring homeostasis or lack thereof at the intestinal mucosa and beyond. The mechanisms through which microbiota exerts its beneficial or detrimental influences remain largely undefined, but include elaboration of signaling molecules and recognition of bacterial epitopes by both intestinal epithelial and mucosal immune cells. The advances in modeling and analysis of gut microbiota will further our knowledge of their role in health and disease, allowing customization of existing and future therapeutic and prophylactic modalities.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
The role of the gut microbiota in nutrition and health
TL;DR: The complex interplay between the gut microbiota, diet and health is considered and better definition of those dominant commensal bacteria, community profiles and system characteristics that produce stable gut communities beneficial to health is important.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Hidden World within Plants: Ecological and Evolutionary Considerations for Defining Functioning of Microbial Endophytes
Pablo R. Hardoim,Leonard S. van Overbeek,Gabriele Berg,Anna Maria Pirttilä,Stéphane Compant,Andrea Campisano,Matthias Döring,Angela Sessitsch +7 more
TL;DR: This review addresses the concept of endophytism, considering the latest insights into evolution, plant ecosystem functioning, and multipartite interactions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Role of the normal gut microbiota
Sai Manasa Jandhyala,Rupjyoti Talukdar,Chivkula Subramanyam,Harish Vuyyuru,Mitnala Sasikala,D. Nageshwar Reddy +5 more
TL;DR: The normal gut microbiota imparts specific function in host nutrient metabolism, xenobiotic and drug metabolism, maintenance of structural integrity of the gut mucosal barrier, immunomodulation, and protection against pathogens.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fusobacterium nucleatum Promotes Colorectal Carcinogenesis by Modulating E-Cadherin/β-Catenin Signaling via its FadA Adhesin
TL;DR: A mechanism by which Fn can drive CRC is unveiled and FadA is identified as a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target for CRC.
Journal ArticleDOI
Changes of Intestinal Functions in Liver Cirrhosis
Hiroshi Fukui,Reiner Wiest +1 more
TL;DR: This review summarizes major achievements regarding intestinal dysfunction in cirrhosis for future gastroenterology research and suggests that delayed small bowel transit in liver Cirrhosis may lead to SIBO, which could contribute to the symptoms of abdominal pain and diarrhea.
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