Journal ArticleDOI
Gut Microbiota in Health and Disease
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TLDR
The advances in modeling and analysis of gut microbiota will further the authors' knowledge of their role in health and disease, allowing customization of existing and future therapeutic and prophylactic modalities.Abstract:
Gut microbiota is an assortment of microorganisms inhabiting the length and width of the mammalian gastrointestinal tract. The composition of this microbial community is host specific, evolving throughout an individual's lifetime and susceptible to both exogenous and endogenous modifications. Recent renewed interest in the structure and function of this "organ" has illuminated its central position in health and disease. The microbiota is intimately involved in numerous aspects of normal host physiology, from nutritional status to behavior and stress response. Additionally, they can be a central or a contributing cause of many diseases, affecting both near and far organ systems. The overall balance in the composition of the gut microbial community, as well as the presence or absence of key species capable of effecting specific responses, is important in ensuring homeostasis or lack thereof at the intestinal mucosa and beyond. The mechanisms through which microbiota exerts its beneficial or detrimental influences remain largely undefined, but include elaboration of signaling molecules and recognition of bacterial epitopes by both intestinal epithelial and mucosal immune cells. The advances in modeling and analysis of gut microbiota will further our knowledge of their role in health and disease, allowing customization of existing and future therapeutic and prophylactic modalities.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
K-Selection as Microbial Community Management Strategy: A Method for Improved Viability of Larvae in Aquaculture.
TL;DR: It is illustrated that a change from a “beat-them” to a "join-them" strategy for microbial management in larval rearing can lead to a more sustainable aquaculture industry.
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Gut Microbial Dysbiosis in the Pathogenesis of Gastrointestinal Dysmotility and Metabolic Disorders.
TL;DR: Recent literature on gut microbial alterations and/or interactions involved in the pathophysiology of GI dysmotility and metabolic disorders are reviewed to elucidate the cellular and molecular pathways underlying gut microbiota-host crosstalk and for the development of a powerful platform for future therapeutic approaches.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characterization of Intestinal Microbiota in Ulcerative Colitis Patients with and without Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
David Kevans,David Kevans,Andrea D. Tyler,Kristian Holm,Kristin Kaasen Jørgensen,Kristin Kaasen Jørgensen,Morten H. Vatn,Tom H. Karlsen,Gilaad G. Kaplan,Bertus Eksteen,Dirk Gevers,Johannes R. Hov,Mark S. Silverberg,Mark S. Silverberg +13 more
TL;DR: No strong PSC-specific microbial associations in UC patients consistent across different cohorts were identified and principal coordinate analysis [PCoA] demonstrated that city of sample collection was the strongest determinant of taxonomic profile.
Journal ArticleDOI
Alterations in intestinal microbiota of elderly Irish subjects post-antibiotic therapy
Orla O'Sullivan,M. Coakley,M. Coakley,Bhuvaneswari Lakshminarayanan,Bhuvaneswari Lakshminarayanan,Susana Conde,Marcus J. Claesson,Siobhán Cusack,Anthony P. Fitzgerald,Paul W. O'Toole,Catherine Stanton,Catherine Stanton,R. Paul Ross,R. Paul Ross +13 more
TL;DR: The impact of antibiotic therapy on the intestinal microbiota in the elderly should be considered for long-term health effects, and differential susceptibility may require the development of products for at-risk subjects.
Journal ArticleDOI
The potential for probiotic manipulation of the gastrointestinal microbiome.
Marcus Rauch,Susan V. Lynch +1 more
TL;DR: This review aims to review recent regulatory aspects related to probiotics in food and summarizes what is known to date with respect to human gastrointestinal microbiota and the evidence for probiotic supplementation as a viable therapeutic strategy for modulating this consortium.
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