Journal ArticleDOI
Gut Microbiota in Health and Disease
TLDR
The advances in modeling and analysis of gut microbiota will further the authors' knowledge of their role in health and disease, allowing customization of existing and future therapeutic and prophylactic modalities.Abstract:
Gut microbiota is an assortment of microorganisms inhabiting the length and width of the mammalian gastrointestinal tract. The composition of this microbial community is host specific, evolving throughout an individual's lifetime and susceptible to both exogenous and endogenous modifications. Recent renewed interest in the structure and function of this "organ" has illuminated its central position in health and disease. The microbiota is intimately involved in numerous aspects of normal host physiology, from nutritional status to behavior and stress response. Additionally, they can be a central or a contributing cause of many diseases, affecting both near and far organ systems. The overall balance in the composition of the gut microbial community, as well as the presence or absence of key species capable of effecting specific responses, is important in ensuring homeostasis or lack thereof at the intestinal mucosa and beyond. The mechanisms through which microbiota exerts its beneficial or detrimental influences remain largely undefined, but include elaboration of signaling molecules and recognition of bacterial epitopes by both intestinal epithelial and mucosal immune cells. The advances in modeling and analysis of gut microbiota will further our knowledge of their role in health and disease, allowing customization of existing and future therapeutic and prophylactic modalities.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Gut microbiota and gastrointestinal health: current concepts and future directions.
TL;DR: This work states that microbiota diversity in the gut plays a critical role in functions that sustain health and is a positive asset in host defenses, and based on basic and clinical research into the impact and consequences of microbiota biodiversity and change on gastrointestinal disorders and diseases, this work concludes that gut microbiota diversity and change arefundamental to human health.
Journal ArticleDOI
Microbial ecology and host-microbiota interactions during early life stages
TL;DR: It is concluded that the exposure to the adequate microbes early in gestation and neonatal period seems to have a relevant role in health and probiotic interventions aiming to reduce the risk of immune-mediated diseases may appear effective during early life.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Microbiome and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Is There a Therapeutic Role for Fecal Microbiota Transplantation?
TL;DR: Fecal microbiota therapy (FMT) is an emerging treatment for several gastrointestinal and metabolic disorders and has demonstrated efficacy in treating refractory Clostridium difficile infection, and there are case reports of FMT successfully treating UC.
Journal ArticleDOI
In vitro characterization of the impact of selected dietary fibers on fecal microbiota composition and short chain fatty acid production.
TL;DR: Dietary fibers have specific and unique impacts on intestinal microbiota composition and metabolism and provide a rationale for the development of functional ingredients targeted towards a targeted modulation of the gut microbiota.
Journal ArticleDOI
Rebuilding the Gut Microbiota Ecosystem.
Antonella Gagliardi,Valentina Totino,Fatima Cacciotti,Valerio Iebba,Bruna Neroni,Giulia Bonfiglio,Maria Trancassini,Claudio Passariello,Fabrizio Pantanella,Serena Schippa +9 more
TL;DR: This review discusses the various aspects of these strategies to counteract intestinal dysbiosis, including the administration of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics; phage therapy; fecal transplantation; bacterial consortium transplation; and a still poorly investigated approach based on predatory bacteria.
References
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Microbial ecology: Human gut microbes associated with obesity
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