Journal ArticleDOI
Gut Microbiota in Health and Disease
TLDR
The advances in modeling and analysis of gut microbiota will further the authors' knowledge of their role in health and disease, allowing customization of existing and future therapeutic and prophylactic modalities.Abstract:
Gut microbiota is an assortment of microorganisms inhabiting the length and width of the mammalian gastrointestinal tract. The composition of this microbial community is host specific, evolving throughout an individual's lifetime and susceptible to both exogenous and endogenous modifications. Recent renewed interest in the structure and function of this "organ" has illuminated its central position in health and disease. The microbiota is intimately involved in numerous aspects of normal host physiology, from nutritional status to behavior and stress response. Additionally, they can be a central or a contributing cause of many diseases, affecting both near and far organ systems. The overall balance in the composition of the gut microbial community, as well as the presence or absence of key species capable of effecting specific responses, is important in ensuring homeostasis or lack thereof at the intestinal mucosa and beyond. The mechanisms through which microbiota exerts its beneficial or detrimental influences remain largely undefined, but include elaboration of signaling molecules and recognition of bacterial epitopes by both intestinal epithelial and mucosal immune cells. The advances in modeling and analysis of gut microbiota will further our knowledge of their role in health and disease, allowing customization of existing and future therapeutic and prophylactic modalities.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Live feed is not a major determinant of the microbiota associated with cod larvae (Gadus morhua).
TL;DR: It is found that diet does not entail major changes to the composition of cod larval microbiota, and rearing of larvae in replicate tanks with identical diet could result in significant differences in larval microbiome.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characterization of the intestinal microbiota and its interaction with probiotics and health impacts.
TL;DR: In this review article, the use of traditional and molecular methods is discussed for the characterization of the intestinal microbiota, as well as its interaction with probiotics and their effects on health.
Journal ArticleDOI
Stool metatranscriptomics: A technical guideline for mRNA stabilisation and isolation
TL;DR: An optimized pipeline for extraction of high quality mRNA from stool samples is presented and it is indicated that RNA Later introduces a bias which is then maintained throughout storage, while RNA Protect conserved samples are initially more similar to the snap frozen controls.
Journal ArticleDOI
ANGPTL4 expression induced by butyrate and rosiglitazone in human intestinal epithelial cells utilizes independent pathways.
Agata Korecka,Tomas de Wouters,Tomas de Wouters,Antonietta Cultrone,Antonietta Cultrone,Nicolas Lapaque,Nicolas Lapaque,Sven Pettersson,Joël Doré,Joël Doré,Hervé M. Blottière,Hervé M. Blottière,Velmurugesan Arulampalam +12 more
TL;DR: It is shown that the SCFA butyrate regulates intestinal Angiopoietin-like protein 4 expression in a PPAR-γ-independent manner, and oral administration of SCFA or use ofSCFA-producing bacteria may be additional routes to maintain intestinal ANGPTL4 levels for preventive nutrition or therapeutic purposes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prebiotics to fight diseases: reality or fiction?
TL;DR: This review focuses on the short‐chain low‐digestible carbohydrates (LDCs) which are metabolized by gut microbiota serving as energy source, immune system enhancers or facilitators of mineral uptake, and their therapeutic and protective applications.
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