Journal ArticleDOI
Gut Microbiota in Health and Disease
TLDR
The advances in modeling and analysis of gut microbiota will further the authors' knowledge of their role in health and disease, allowing customization of existing and future therapeutic and prophylactic modalities.Abstract:
Gut microbiota is an assortment of microorganisms inhabiting the length and width of the mammalian gastrointestinal tract. The composition of this microbial community is host specific, evolving throughout an individual's lifetime and susceptible to both exogenous and endogenous modifications. Recent renewed interest in the structure and function of this "organ" has illuminated its central position in health and disease. The microbiota is intimately involved in numerous aspects of normal host physiology, from nutritional status to behavior and stress response. Additionally, they can be a central or a contributing cause of many diseases, affecting both near and far organ systems. The overall balance in the composition of the gut microbial community, as well as the presence or absence of key species capable of effecting specific responses, is important in ensuring homeostasis or lack thereof at the intestinal mucosa and beyond. The mechanisms through which microbiota exerts its beneficial or detrimental influences remain largely undefined, but include elaboration of signaling molecules and recognition of bacterial epitopes by both intestinal epithelial and mucosal immune cells. The advances in modeling and analysis of gut microbiota will further our knowledge of their role in health and disease, allowing customization of existing and future therapeutic and prophylactic modalities.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Gut feelings: A randomised, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial of probiotics for depressive symptoms
TL;DR: In this article, the authors conducted a clinical trial to determine the effect of consumption of probiotic supplements (Winclove's Ecologic® Barrier) on depressive symptoms in a sample of participants with mild to severe depression.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gut Microbiota, Host Organism, and Diet Trialogue in Diabetes and Obesity
Veronica Lazar,Lia-Mara Ditu,Gratiela Gradisteanu Pircalabioru,Ariana Picu,Laura Petcu,Natalia Cucu,Mariana Carmen Chifiriuc +6 more
TL;DR: An overview on the implications of gut microbiota in diabesity is given, with a focus on the triangle gut microbiota—diet-host metabolism and on the way to manipulate the gut microbial ecosystem toward achieving novel diagnosis and predictive biomarkers with the final goal of reestablishing the healthy metabolic condition.
Journal ArticleDOI
Holobionts as Units of Selection and a Model of Their Population Dynamics and Evolution
Joan Roughgarden,Joan Roughgarden,Scott F. Gilbert,Eugene Rosenberg,Ilana Zilber-Rosenberg,Elisabeth A. Lloyd +5 more
TL;DR: An initial mathematical model is presented to help understand how holobionts evolve and combines the processes of horizontal symbiont transfer, within-host Symbiont proliferation, vertical symbionts transmission, and holobiant selection.
Journal ArticleDOI
Enterobactin-Mediated Delivery of β-Lactam Antibiotics Enhances Antibacterial Activity against Pathogenic Escherichia coli
Tengfei Zheng,Elizabeth M. Nolan +1 more
TL;DR: The design, synthesis, and characterization of enterobactin–antibiotic conjugates, hereafter Ent-Amp/Amx, where the β-lactam antibiotics ampicillin (Amp) and amoxicillin (Amx) are linked to a monofunctionalized enterobactsin scaffold via a stable poly(ethylene glycol) linker are reported provide enhanced antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli strains under conditions of iron limitation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gut microbiota in phytopharmacology: A comprehensive overview of concepts, reciprocal interactions, biotransformations and mode of actions
TL;DR: This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the key notions of intestinal microbiota and dysbiosis and highlight the microbiota-phytochemical bidirectional interactions that affects bioavailability and bioactivity of parent phytochemicals and their metabolites.
References
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