Mitsubishi

About: Mitsubishi is a company organization based out in Tokyo, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Signal & Layer (electronics). The organization has 53115 authors who have published 54821 publications receiving 870150 citations. The organization is also known as: Mitsubishi Group of Companies & Mitsubishi Companies.

Active matrix liquid crystal display device

Abstract: A pixel electrode and a line for a storage capacitor are sandwiched by first and second protecting films so as to position them in a different plane from a gate electrode and source/drain lines. An insulating film for a storage capacitor and the second protecting film remain at a crossing of the source line and a gate line, but part of them on a TFT is removed, when a pattern of the removal is at least partially deviated from a pattern of a contact hole in the first protecting film directly covering a polycrystalline Si film over the TFT, so that a short-circuit between lines and a breaking of the lines because of a level difference of film layers. Thus, an occurance of failure because of the short-circuit between lines is inhibited, and failure in the lines is reduced by reducing the breaking of the source line and/or the drain line.

A 2.4-GHz-band 1.8-V operation single-chip Si-CMOS T/R-MMIC front-end with a low insertion loss switch

Abstract: This paper describes the design and experimental results of a 1.8-V single-chip CMOS MMIC front-end for 2.4-GHz band short-range wireless communications, such as Bluetooth and wireless LANs. The IC consists of fundamental RF building circuits-a power amplifier (PA), a low-noise amplifier (LNA), and a transmit/receive-antenna switch (SW), including almost all on-chip matching elements. The IC was fabricated using a 0.18-/spl mu/m standard bulk CMOS technology which has no extra processing steps to enhance the RF performances. Two new circuit-design techniques are introduced in the IC in order to minimize the insertion loss of the SW and realize a higher gain for the PA and LNA despite the utilization of the standard bulk CMOS technology. The first is the derivation of an optimum gate width of the SW to minimize the insertion loss based on small-signal equivalent circuit analysis. The other is the revelation of the advantages of interdigitated capacitors (IDCs) over conventional polysilicon to polysilicon capacitors and the successful use of the IDCs in the LNA and PA. The IC achieves the following sufficient characteristics for practical wireless terminals at 2.1 GHz and 1.8 V: a 5-dBm transmit power at a -1-dB gain compression, a 19-dB gain, an 18-mA current for the PA, a 1.5-dB insertion loss, more than 24-dB isolation, an 11-dBm power handling capability for the SW, a 7.5-dB gain, a 4.5-dB noise figure, and an 8-mA current for the LNA.

Image encoding apparatus and image decoding apparatus

Abstract: The present invention describes an image decoding apparatus for inputting a compressed-coded bit stream obtained by performing motion compensation prediction per coded unit-area obtained by dividing each frame of a motion image signal into plural units, and decoding the input compressed-coded bit stream to a motion image signal by referring to reference images stored in a frame memory, whereby the image decoding apparatus comprises a decoder decoding the compressed-coded bit stream to a motion vector, a prediction mode and a decoded images corresponding to the coded unit-area as a unit of the motion compensation prediction, and further comprises a frame memory storing controller for controlling update of the reference images to be used for the motion compensation prediction stored in the frame memory based on a control signal, wherein the frame memory storing controller updates the reference images successively with an image that is based on the decoded image output by the decoder, and the frame memory storing controller writes an image that is based on the decoded image output by the decoder into the frame memory as a continuously storing image that stored independently of storage by the updating procedure based on the control signal, further comprising a motion compensation predictor generating a prediction image based on the motion vector by referring to one of the reference images updated by the control of the frame memory storing controller based on the prediction mode decoded by the decoder.

Antimicrobial Resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and High Prevalence of Ciprofloxacin-Resistant Isolates in Japan, 1993 to 1998

Abstract: To assess the antimicrobial resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated from 1993 through 1998 in Japan, susceptibility testing was conducted on 502 isolates. Selected isolates were characterized by auxotype and analysis for mutations within the quinolone resistance-determining region (QRDR) in the gyrA and parC genes, which confer fluoroquinolone resistance on the organism. Plasmid-mediated penicillin resistance (penicillinase-producing N. gonorrhoeae) decreased significantly from 1993-1994 (7.9%) to 1997-1998 (2.0%). Chromosomally mediated penicillin resistance decreased from 1993-1994 (12.6%) to 1995-1996 (1.9%) and then increased in 1997-1998 (10.7%). Chromosomally mediated tetracycline resistance decreased from 1993-1994 (3.3%) to 1997-1998 (2.0%), and no plasmid-mediated high-level tetracycline resistance was found. Isolates with ciprofloxacin resistance (MIC >/= 1 microg/ml) increased significantly from 1993-1994 (6.6%) to 1997-1998 (24.4%). The proline-requiring isolates were less susceptible to ciprofloxacin than the prototrophic or arginine-requiring isolates. Ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates contained three or four amino acid substitutions within the QRDR in the GyrA and ParC proteins.

Sodium iodoacetate-induced experimental osteoarthritis and associated pain model in rats.

Abstract: Degenerative lesions were induced in the knee joint of Wistar rats by intraarticular injection of chondrocyte metabolism inhibitor mono-iodoacetate (MIA) at doses of 0, 0.3 or 3 mg/joint. Histopathological examination and the measurement of hind paw weight ratio as an index of joint pain by incapacitance tester were performed. Histological findings that are similar to those observed in human osteoarthritis (OA), such as disorganization of chondrocytes, erosion and fibrillation of cartilage surface, and subchondral bone exposure etc., were observed in a MIA-dose-dependent manner. Saflanin-O fast green staining revealed that marked diffuse reduction of proteoglycan in cartilage tissue of rats treated with MIA. The clinical scores of the joint pain were closely correlated to the grade of histological findings. We conclude that the present experimental model in combination with a novel dual channel weight averager would be very useful for the study of human OA, and could be applied for estimation of therapeutic effect of new anti-OA drugs.