Institution
University of East Anglia
Education•Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom•
About: University of East Anglia is a education organization based out in Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Climate change. The organization has 13250 authors who have published 37504 publications receiving 1669060 citations. The organization is also known as: UEA.
Papers published on a yearly basis
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Environment Canada1, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration2, Norwegian Institute for Air Research3, University of East Anglia4, World Meteorological Organization5, North-West University6, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research7, National Institute for Space Research8, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology9, Russian Academy of Sciences10, Cornell University11, Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology12, Ontario Ministry of the Environment13
TL;DR: The Addendum contains supplementary material for the full version of this article as discussed by the authors. It can be viewed electronically at http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.02.017
642 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on the intangibility of climate change as a key impediment to personal engagement and explore whether relevant experiences of flooding and air pollution influence individuals' knowledge, attitudes, risk perception and behavioural responses to climate change.
Abstract: Climate change is a threat to human health and life, both now and in the future. Despite this, studies show that the public typically do not consider the issue a priority concern or a direct, personal threat. Furthermore, few are taking any preventive or protective action. Previous studies identify direct experience as a major influence on risk perception, learning and action. Drawing on such evidence, this paper focuses on the intangibility of climate change as a key impediment to personal engagement and explores whether relevant experiences of flooding and air pollution influence individuals' knowledge, attitudes, risk perception and behavioural responses to climate change. Perhaps surprisingly, interviews and a survey conducted in the south of England indicate flood victims differ very little from other participants in their understanding of and responses to climate change, but that experience of air pollution does significantly affect perceptions of and behavioural responses to climate change. Air pollution victims are no more likely to cite pollution as a cause of climate change than non‐victims; but they do have higher pro‐environmental values. Respondents with these values are significantly more likely to consider climate change a salient risk and to take action in response to it. Therefore the relationship between air pollution experience and responses to climate change may be indirect and mediated by environmental values. The paper concludes by highlighting implications of this research for developing climate change policies and strategies for public engagement.
640 citations
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University of East Anglia1, Australian Institute of Marine Science2, Cooperative Research Centre3, University of Copenhagen4, University of Bern5, Alfred University6, Environment Canada7, Pennsylvania State University8, Goddard Institute for Space Studies9, National Center for Atmospheric Research10, Columbia University11, Georgia Institute of Technology12, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research13, Université catholique de Louvain14, Hydrologic Research Center15, University of Bergen16, Ohio State University17, University of Arizona18, University of Bremen19, University of Edinburgh20, British Antarctic Survey21
TL;DR: A review of late-Holocene palaeoclimaoclimatology represents the results from a PAGES/CLIVAR Intersection Panel meeting that took place in June 2006 as mentioned in this paper, emphasizing current issues in their use for climate reconstruction; various approaches that have been adopted to combine multiple climate proxy records to provide estimates of past annual-to-decadal timescale Northern Hemisphere surface temperatures and other climate variables, such as large-scale circulation indices; and the forcing histories used in climate model simulations of the past millennium.
Abstract: This review of late-Holocene palaeoclimatology represents the results from a PAGES/CLIVAR Intersection Panel meeting that took place in June 2006. The review is in three parts: the principal high-resolution proxy disciplines (trees, corals, ice cores and documentary evidence), emphasizing current issues in their use for climate reconstruction; the various approaches that have been adopted to combine multiple climate proxy records to provide estimates of past annual-to-decadal timescale Northern Hemisphere surface temperatures and other climate variables, such as large-scale circulation indices; and the forcing histories used in climate model simulations of the past millennium. We discuss the need to develop a framework through which current and new approaches to interpreting these proxy data may be rigorously assessed using pseudo-proxies derived from climate model runs, where the `answer' is known. The article concludes with a list of recommendations. First, more raw proxy data are required from the diverse disciplines and from more locations, as well as replication, for all proxy sources, of the basic raw measurements to improve absolute dating, and to better distinguish the proxy climate signal from noise. Second, more effort is required to improve the understanding of what individual proxies respond to, supported by more site measurements and process studies. These activities should also be mindful of the correlation structure of instrumental data, indicating which adjacent proxy records ought to be in agreement and which not. Third, large-scale climate reconstructions should be attempted using a wide variety of techniques, emphasizing those for which quantified errors can be estimated at specified timescales. Fourth, a greater use of climate model simulations is needed to guide the choice of reconstruction techniques (the pseudo-proxy concept) and possibly help determine where, given limited resources, future sampling should be concentrated.
639 citations
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University of East Anglia1, University of Oslo2, Centre national de la recherche scientifique3, University of Exeter4, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration5, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology6, Oak Ridge National Laboratory7, University of Paris8, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation9, University of Maryland, College Park10, Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research11, Woods Hole Research Center12, University of Bristol13, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign14, Geophysical Institute, University of Bergen15, Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research16, National Institute for Environmental Studies17, University of California, San Diego18, Plymouth Marine Laboratory19, Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency20, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory21, ETH Zurich22, Hobart Corporation23, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution24, Appalachian State University25, Wageningen University and Research Centre26, Montana State University27, Australian National University28, Université libre de Bruxelles29, Max Planck Society30, Japan Meteorological Agency31, University of New Hampshire32, Leibniz Institute of Marine Sciences33, Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research34, Imperial College London35, Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean36, Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory37, VU University Amsterdam38, Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory39, Met Office40
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a methodology to quantify all major components of the global carbon budget, including their uncertainties, based on the combination of a range of data, algorithms, statistics, and model estimates and their interpretation by a broad scientific community.
Abstract: Accurate assessment of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions and their redistribution among the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial biosphere is important to better understand the global carbon cycle, support the development of climate policies, and project future climate change. Here we describe data sets and a methodology to quantify all major components of the global carbon budget, including their uncertainties, based on the combination of a range of data, algorithms, statistics, and model estimates and their interpretation by a broad scientific community. We discuss changes compared to previous estimates, consistency within and among components, alongside methodology and data limitations. CO 2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion and cement production (E FF ) are based on energy statistics and cement production data, respectively, while emissions from land-use change (E LUC ), mainly deforestation, are based on combined evidence from land-cover-change data, fire activity associated with deforestation, and models. The global atmospheric CO 2 concentration is measured directly and its rate of growth (G ATM ) is computed from the annual changes in concentration. The mean ocean CO 2 sink (S OCEAN ) is based on observations from the 1990s, while the annual anomalies and trends are estimated with ocean models. The variability in S OCEAN is evaluated with data products based on surveys of ocean CO 2 measurements. The global residual terrestrial CO 2 sink (S LAND ) is estimated by the difference of the other terms of the global carbon budget and compared to results of independent dynamic global vegetation models forced by observed climate, CO 2 , and land-cover-change (some including nitrogen–carbon interactions). We compare the mean land and ocean fluxes and their variability to estimates from three atmospheric inverse methods for three broad latitude bands. All uncertainties are reported as ±1σ, reflecting the current capacity to characterise the annual estimates of each component of the global carbon budget. For the last decade available (2004–2013), E FF was 8.9 ± 0.4 GtC yr −1 , E LUC 0.9 ± 0.5 GtC yr −1 , G ATM 4.3 ± 0.1 GtC yr −1 , S OCEAN 2.6 ± 0.5 GtC yr −1 , and S LAND 2.9 ± 0.8 GtC yr −1 . For year 2013 alone, E FF grew to 9.9 ± 0.5 GtC yr −1 , 2.3% above 2012, continuing the growth trend in these emissions, E LUC was 0.9 ± 0.5 GtC yr −1 , G ATM was 5.4 ± 0.2 GtC yr −1 , S OCEAN was 2.9 ± 0.5 GtC yr −1 and S LAND was 2.5 ± 0.9 GtC yr −1 . G ATM was high in 2013, reflecting a steady increase in E FF and smaller and opposite changes between S OCEAN and S LAND compared to the past decade (2004–2013). The global atmospheric CO 2 concentration reached 395.31 ± 0.10 ppm averaged over 2013. We estimate that E FF will increase by 2.5% (1.3–3.5%) to 10.1 ± 0.6 GtC in 2014 (37.0 ± 2.2 GtCO 2 yr −1 ), 65% above emissions in 1990, based on projections of world gross domestic product and recent changes in the carbon intensity of the global economy. From this projection of E FF and assumed constant E LUC for 2014, cumulative emissions of CO 2 will reach about 545 ± 55 GtC (2000 ± 200 GtCO 2 ) for 1870–2014, about 75% from EF FF and 25% from E LUC . This paper documents changes in the methods and data sets used in this new carbon budget compared with previous publications of this living data set (Le Quere et al., 2013, 2014). All observations presented here can be downloaded from the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (doi:10.3334/CDIAC/GCP_2014).
639 citations
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University of Queensland1, University of the Witwatersrand2, University of Bristol3, University of East Anglia4, University of Arizona5, University of Münster6, Max Planck Society7, University of Ottawa8, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare9, University of Glasgow10, Innsbruck Medical University11, State University of New York System12, The Institute of Optics13, Polytechnic University of Catalonia14, University of Victoria15, University of Southern California16, University of Oregon17, Purdue University18
TL;DR: In this paper, the key fields within structured light from the perspective of experts in those areas, providing insight into the current state and the challenges their respective fields face, as well as the exciting prospects for the future that are yet to be realized.
Abstract: Structured light refers to the generation and application of custom light fields. As the tools and technology to create and detect structured light have evolved, steadily the applications have begun to emerge. This roadmap touches on the key fields within structured light from the perspective of experts in those areas, providing insight into the current state and the challenges their respective fields face. Collectively the roadmap outlines the venerable nature of structured light research and the exciting prospects for the future that are yet to be realized.
639 citations
Authors
Showing all 13512 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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George Davey Smith | 224 | 2540 | 248373 |
Nicholas J. Wareham | 212 | 1657 | 204896 |
Cyrus Cooper | 204 | 1869 | 206782 |
Kay-Tee Khaw | 174 | 1389 | 138782 |
Phillip A. Sharp | 172 | 614 | 117126 |
Rory Collins | 162 | 489 | 193407 |
William J. Sutherland | 148 | 966 | 94423 |
Shah Ebrahim | 146 | 733 | 96807 |
Kenneth M. Yamada | 139 | 446 | 72136 |
Martin McKee | 138 | 1732 | 125972 |
David Price | 138 | 1687 | 93535 |
Sheila Bingham | 136 | 519 | 67332 |
Philip Jones | 135 | 644 | 90838 |
Peter M. Rothwell | 134 | 779 | 67382 |
Ivan Reid | 131 | 1318 | 85123 |