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Journal ArticleDOI

Vehicle-to-grid power fundamentals: Calculating capacity and net revenue

Willett Kempton, +1 more
- 01 Jun 2005 - 
- Vol. 144, Iss: 1, pp 268-279
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TLDR
In this paper, the authors defined the three vehicle types that can produce V2G power and the power markets they can sell into, and developed equations to calculate the capacity for grid power from three types of electric drive vehicles.
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This article is published in Journal of Power Sources.The article was published on 2005-06-01. It has received 2128 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Electric vehicle & Electric power industry.

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Citations
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Proceedings ArticleDOI

Vehicle-to-Grid for islanded power system operation in Bornholm

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors considered a model of an aggregated electric vehicle based battery storage to support an isolated power system operating with a large wind power penetration in the Danish island of Bornholm.
Journal ArticleDOI

Markov-Decision-Process-Assisted Consumer Scheduling in a Networked Smart Grid

TL;DR: This paper targets a networked smart grid system, in which future electricity generation is predicted with reasonable accuracy based on weather forecasts, and schedules consumers’ behaviors using a Markov decision process model to optimize the consumers' net benefits.
Journal ArticleDOI

Hierarchical distributed framework for EV charging scheduling using exchange problem

TL;DR: A distributed trilayer multi-agent framework for optimal electric vehicle charging scheduling (EVCS), which reduces the convergence time and iteration numbers, flattens the load profile and decreases the charging cost considerably without violating the grid feeders' capacity.
Journal ArticleDOI

Valuing Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles' Battery Capacity Using a Real Options Framework

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors use a Kalman filter to obtain maximum likelihood estimates for three gasoline price models applied to a U.S. municipal market, and find that using a real options approach instead of a discounted cash flow analysis does not raise the retail price at which the battery pays for itself by more than $50/kWh.
Journal ArticleDOI

A binary symmetric based hybrid meta-heuristic method for solving mixed integer unit commitment problem integrating with significant plug-in electric vehicles

TL;DR: A new model is established for simultaneously considering the day-ahead hourly based power system scheduling and a significant number of plug-in electric vehicles charging and discharging behaviours, and a novel hybrid mixed coding meta-heuristic algorithm is proposed, where V-shape symmetric transfer functions based binary particle swarm optimization are employed.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Vehicle-to-grid power implementation: From stabilizing the grid to supporting large-scale renewable energy

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examine the systems and processes needed to tap energy in vehicles and implement V2G and quantitatively compare today's light vehicle fleet with the electric power system.
Journal ArticleDOI

Using fleets of electric-drive vehicles for grid support

TL;DR: In this article, the economic potential of two utility-owned fleets of battery-electric vehicles to provide power for a specific electricity market, regulation, in four US regional regulation services markets was evaluated.
Journal ArticleDOI

Electric vehicles as a new power source for electric utilities

TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed vehicle battery storage in greatest detail, comparing three electric vehicle configurations over a range of driving requirements and electric utility demand conditions, and found that the value to the utility of tapping vehicle electrical storage exceeds the cost of the two-way hook-up and reduced vehicle battery life.
Journal ArticleDOI

A comparison of hydrogen, methanol and gasoline as fuels for fuel cell vehicles: implications for vehicle design and infrastructure development

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present modeling results comparing three leading options for fuel storage onboard fuel cell vehicles: (a) compressed gas hydrogen storage, (b) onboard steam reforming of methanol, (c) onboard partial oxidation (POX) of hydrocarbon fuels derived from crude oil.

Vehicle-to-Grid Power: Battery, Hybrid, and Fuel Cell Vehicles as Resources for Distributed Electric Power in California

TL;DR: In this article, the authors calculate three parameters of electric drive vehicles (EDVs) which are important for their use by the electric system: resources size, availability, and economic potential.
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