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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

Matrix elasticity directs stem cell lineage specification.

Adam J. Engler, +3 more
- 25 Aug 2006 - 
- Vol. 126, Iss: 4, pp 677-689
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TLDR
Naive mesenchymal stem cells are shown here to specify lineage and commit to phenotypes with extreme sensitivity to tissue-level elasticity, consistent with the elasticity-insensitive commitment of differentiated cell types.
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This article is published in Cell.The article was published on 2006-08-25 and is currently open access. It has received 12204 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Mesenchymal stem cell differentiation & Stem cell fate determination.

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Citations
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Hydrogels for Engineering of Perfusable Vascular Networks.

TL;DR: This review discusses the types of hydrogels that are currently used for the fabrication of constructs with embedded vascular networks, the key properties ofhydrogels needed for this purpose and current techniques to engineer perfusable vascular structures into theseHydrogels.
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Injectable, rapid gelling and highly flexible hydrogel composites as growth factor and cell carriers.

TL;DR: These injectable and rapid gelling hydrogel composites demonstrated attractive properties for serving as growth factor and cell carriers for cardiovascular tissue engineering applications.
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Stem cell-biomaterial interactions for regenerative medicine.

TL;DR: In this review, the challenges behind translating stem cell biology and biomaterial innovations into novel clinical therapeutic applications for tissue and organ replacements are reported on.
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Stiffness-controlled three-dimensional extracellular matrices for high-resolution imaging of cell behavior

TL;DR: A simple protocol is detailed, which can be completed in 1–2 d, for combining three-dimensional ECM engagement with controlled underlying ECM stiffness in 'sandwich gels', allowing the study of the specific effects of ECM compliance on cell function in physiologically relevant 3D ECMs.
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Evaluating drug efficacy and toxicology in three dimensions: using synthetic extracellular matrices in drug discovery.

TL;DR: The development of a covalently cross-linked mimic of the extracellular matrix (sECM), now commercially available, for 3-D culture of cells in vitro and for translational use in vivo to facilitate drug discovery in both academic and pharmaceutical laboratories is described.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Multilineage Potential of Adult Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

TL;DR: Adult stem cells isolated from marrow aspirates of volunteer donors could be induced to differentiate exclusively into the adipocytic, chondrocytic, or osteocytic lineages.
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Tissue Cells Feel and Respond to the Stiffness of Their Substrate

TL;DR: An understanding of how tissue cells—including fibroblasts, myocytes, neurons, and other cell types—sense matrix stiffness is just emerging with quantitative studies of cells adhering to gels with which elasticity can be tuned to approximate that of tissues.
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CellProfiler: image analysis software for identifying and quantifying cell phenotypes

TL;DR: The first free, open-source system designed for flexible, high-throughput cell image analysis, CellProfiler is described, which can address a variety of biological questions quantitatively.
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Cell shape, cytoskeletal tension, and rhoa regulate stem cell lineage commitment

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that cell shape regulates commitment of human mesenchymal stem cells to adipocyte or osteoblast fate and mechanical cues experienced in developmental and adult contexts, embodied by cell shape, cytoskeletal tension, and RhoA signaling, are integral to the commitment of stem cell fate.
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Myofibroblasts and mechano-regulation of connective tissue remodelling

TL;DR: It is clear that the understanding of the myofibroblast — its origins, functions and molecular regulation — will have a profound influence on the future effectiveness not only of tissue engineering but also of regenerative medicine generally.
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