Journal ArticleDOI
Global aetiology and epidemiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its complications.
TLDR
An updated view of the global epidemiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus, as well as dietary, lifestyle and other risk factors for T2DM and its complications are provided.Abstract:
Globally, the number of people with diabetes mellitus has quadrupled in the past three decades, and diabetes mellitus is the ninth major cause of death. About 1 in 11 adults worldwide now have diabetes mellitus, 90% of whom have type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Asia is a major area of the rapidly emerging T2DM global epidemic, with China and India the top two epicentres. Although genetic predisposition partly determines individual susceptibility to T2DM, an unhealthy diet and a sedentary lifestyle are important drivers of the current global epidemic; early developmental factors (such as intrauterine exposures) also have a role in susceptibility to T2DM later in life. Many cases of T2DM could be prevented with lifestyle changes, including maintaining a healthy body weight, consuming a healthy diet, staying physically active, not smoking and drinking alcohol in moderation. Most patients with T2DM have at least one complication, and cardiovascular complications are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in these patients. This Review provides an updated view of the global epidemiology of T2DM, as well as dietary, lifestyle and other risk factors for T2DM and its complications.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Gut microbiota in human metabolic health and disease.
Yong Fan,Oluf Pedersen +1 more
TL;DR: How the gut microbiota and derived microbial compounds may contribute to human metabolic health and to the pathogenesis of common metabolic diseases are discussed, and examples of microbiota-targeted interventions aiming to optimize metabolic health are highlighted.
전자/제조업의 Collaboration 전략
TL;DR: In this article, mental health issues often co-occur with other problems such as substance abuse, and they can take an enormous toll on individuals and impact a college or university in many ways.
The genetic architecture of type 2 diabetes
Christian Fuchsberger,Jason Flannick,Tanya M. Teslovich,Anubha Mahajan,Vineeta Agarwala,Kyle J. Gaulton,Clement Ma,Pierre Fontanillas,Loukas Moutsianas,Davis J. McCarthy,Manuel A. Rivas,John R. B. Perry,Xueling Sim,Thomas W. Blackwell,Neil Robertson,N. William Rayner,Pablo Cingolani,Adam E. Locke,Juan Fernandez Tajes,Heather M. Highland,Josée Dupuis,Peter S. Chines,Cecilia M. Lindgren,Christopher Hartl,Anne U. Jackson,Han Chen,Jeroen R. Huyghe,Martijn van de Bunt,Richard D. Pearson,Ashok Kumar,Martina Mueller-Nurasyid,Niels Grarup,Heather M. Stringham,Eric R. Gamazon,Jae-Hoon Lee,Yi Chen,Robert A. Scott,Jennifer E. Below,Peng Chen,Jinyan Huang,Min Jin Go,Michael L. Stitzel,Dorota Pasko,Stephen C. J. Parker,Tibor V. Varga,Todd Green,Nicola L. Beer,Aaron G. Day-Williams,Teresa Ferreira,Tasha E. Fingerlin,Momoko Horikoshi,Cheng Hu,Iksoo Huh,Mohammad Kamran Ikram,Bong-Jo Kim,Yongkang Kim,Young-Jin Kim,Min-Seok Kwon,Juyoung Lee,Selyeong Lee,Keng-Han Lin,Taylor J. Maxwell,Yoshihiko Nagai,Xu Wang,Ryan P. Welch,Joon Yoon,Weihua Zhang,Nir Barzilai,Benjamin F. Voight,Bok-Ghee Han,Christopher P. Jenkinson,Teemu Kuulasmaa,Johanna Kuusisto,Alisa K. Manning,Maggie C.Y. Ng,Nicholette D. Palmer,Beverley Balkau,Alena Stančáková,Hanna E. Abboud,Heiner Boeing,Vilmantas Giedraitis,Dorairaj Prabhakaran,Omri Gottesman,James Scott,Jason Carey,Phoenix Kwan,George B. Grant,Joshua D. Smith,Benjamin M. Neale,Shaun Purcell,Adam S. Butterworth,Joanna M. M. Howson,Heung Man Lee,Yingchang Lu,Soo Heon Kwak,Wei Zhao,John Danesh,Vincent K. L. Lam,Kyong Soo Park,Danish Saleheen,Wing-Yee So,Claudia H. T. Tam,Uzma Afzal,David Aguilar,Rector Arya,Tin Aung,Edmund Chan,Carmen Navarro,Ching-Yu Cheng,Domenico Palli,Adolfo Correa,Joanne E. Curran,Denis Rybin,Vidya S. Farook,Sharon P. Fowler,Barry I. Freedman,Michael Griswold,Daniel E. Hale,Pamela J. Hicks,Chiea Chuen Khor,Satish Kumar,Benjamin Lehne,Dorothée Thuillier,Wei-Yen Lim,Jianjun Liu,Yvonne T. van der Schouw,Marie Loh,Solomon K. Musani,Sobha Puppala,William R. Scott,Loic Yengo,Sian-Tsung Tan,Herman A. Taylor,Farook Thameem,Gregory P. Wilson,Tien Yin Wong,Pål R. Njølstad,Jonathan C. Levy,Massimo Mangino,Lori L. Bonnycastle,Thomas Schwarzmayr,João Fadista,Gabriela L. Surdulescu,Christian Herder,Christopher J. Groves,Thomas Wieland,Jette Bork-Jensen,Ivan Brandslund,Cramer Christensen,Heikki A. Koistinen,Alex S. F. Doney,Leena Kinnunen,Tõnu Esko,Andrew Farmer,Liisa Hakaste,Dylan Hodgkiss,Jasmina Kravic,Valeriya Lyssenko,Mette Hollensted,Marit E. Jørgensen,Torben Jørgensen,Claes Ladenvall,Johanne Marie Justesen,Annemari Käräjämäki,Jennifer Kriebel,Wolfgang Rathmann,Lars Lannfelt,Torsten Lauritzen,Narisu Narisu,Allan Linneberg,Olle Melander,Lili Milani,Matt Neville,Marju Orho-Melander,Lu Qi,Qibin Qi,Michael Roden,Olov Rolandsson,Amy J. Swift,Anders Rosengren,Kathleen Stirrups,Andrew R. Wood,Evelin Mihailov,Christine Blancher,Mauricio O. Carneiro,Jared Maguire,Ryan Poplin,Khalid Shakir,Timothy R. Fennell,Mark A. DePristo,Martin Hrabé de Angelis,Panos Deloukas,Anette P. Gjesing,Goo Jun,Peter M. Nilsson,Jacquelyn Murphy,Robert C. Onofrio,Barbara Thorand,Torben Hansen,Christa Meisinger,Frank B. Hu,Bo Isomaa,Fredrik Karpe,Liming Liang,Annette Peters,Cornelia Huth,Stephen O'Rahilly,Colin N. A. Palmer,Oluf Pedersen,Rainer Rauramaa,Jaakko Tuomilehto,Veikko Salomaa,Richard M. Watanabe,Ann-Christine Syvänen,Richard N. Bergman,Dwaipayan Bharadwaj,Erwin P. Bottinger,Yoon Shin Cho,Giriraj R. Chandak,Juliana C.N. Chan,Kee Seng Chia,Mark J. Daly,Shah Ebrahim,Claudia Langenberg,Paul Elliott,Kathleen A. Jablonski,Donna M. Lehman,Weiping Jia,Ronald C.W. Ma,Toni I. Pollin,Manjinder S. Sandhu,Nikhil Tandon,Philippe Froguel,Inês Barroso,Yik Ying Teo,Eleftheria Zeggini,Ruth J. F. Loos,Kerrin S. Small,Janina S. Ried,Ralph A. DeFronzo,Harald Grallert,Benjamin Glaser,Andres Metspalu,Nicholas J. Wareham,Mark Walker,Eric Banks,Christian Gieger,Erik Ingelsson,Hae Kyung Im,Thomas Illig,Paul W. Franks,Gemma Buck,Joseph Trakalo,David Buck,Inga Prokopenko,Reedik Mägi,Lars Lind,Yossi Farjoun,Katharine R. Owen,Anna L. Gloyn,Konstantin Strauch,Tiinamaija Tuomi,Jaspal S. Kooner,Jong-Young Lee,Taesung Park,Peter Donnelly,Andrew D. Morris,Andrew T. Hattersley,Donald W. Bowden,Francis S. Collins,Gil Atzmon,John C. Chambers,Tim D. Spector,Markku Laakso,Tim M. Strom,Graeme I. Bell,John Blangero,Ravindranath Duggirala,E. Shyong Tai,Gilean McVean,Craig L. Hanis,James G. Wilson,Mark Seielstad,Timothy M. Frayling,James B. Meigs,Nancy J. Cox,Robert Sladek,Eric S. Lander,Stacey Gabriel,Noël P. Burtt,Karen L. Mohlke,Thomas Meitinger,Leif Groop,Gonçalo R. Abecasis,Jose C. Florez,Laura J. Scott,Andrew P. Morris,Hyun Min Kang,Michael Boehnke,David Altshuler,Mark I. McCarthy +300 more
TL;DR: Large-scale sequencing does not support the idea that lower-frequency variants have a major role in predisposition to type 2 diabetes, but most fell within regions previously identified by genome-wide association studies.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gut microbial metabolites in obesity, NAFLD and T2DM.
TL;DR: The role of gut microbial metabolites derived from carbohydrate fermentation and protein fermentation in body weight control, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus is explored and the mechanisms involved are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Unai Galicia-Garcia,Asier Benito-Vicente,Shifa Jebari,Asier Larrea-Sebal,Haziq Siddiqi,Kepa B. Uribe,Helena Ostolaza,César Martín +7 more
TL;DR: This review analyzes the key aspects of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, as well as the molecular mechanisms and pathways implicated in insulin metabolism leading to T2DM and insulin resistance, and summarizes the data gathered up until now.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin.
William C. Knowler,Elizabeth Barrett-Connor,Sarah E. Fowler,Richard F. Hamman,John M. Lachin,Elizabeth A. Walker,David M. Nathan +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared a lifestyle intervention with metformin to prevent or delay the development of Type 2 diabetes in nondiabetic individuals. And they found that the lifestyle intervention was significantly more effective than the medication.
Journal ArticleDOI
Role of Insulin Resistance in Human Disease
TL;DR: The possibility is raised that resistance to insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and hyperinsulinemia are involved in the etiology and clinical course of three major related diseases— NIDDM, hypertension, and CAD.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010
Rafael Lozano,Mohsen Naghavi,Kyle J Foreman,Stephen S Lim,Kenji Shibuya,Victor Aboyans,Jerry Abraham,Tim Adair,Rakesh Aggarwal,Stephanie Y. Ahn,Mohammad A. AlMazroa,Miriam Alvarado,H. Ross Anderson,Laurie M. Anderson,Kathryn G. Andrews,Charles Atkinson,Larry M. Baddour,Suzanne Barker-Collo,David Bartels,Michelle L. Bell,Emelia J. Benjamin,Derrick A Bennett,Kavi Bhalla,Boris Bikbov,Aref A. Bin Abdulhak,Gretchen L. Birbeck,Fiona M. Blyth,Ian Bolliger,Soufiane Boufous,Chiara Bucello,Michael Burch,Peter Burney,Jonathan R. Carapetis,Honglei Chen,David Chou,Sumeet S. Chugh,Luc E. Coffeng,Steven D. Colan,Samantha M. Colquhoun,K. Ellicott Colson,John R. Condon,Myles Connor,Myles Connor,Leslie T. Cooper,Matthew A. Corriere,Monica Cortinovis,Karen Courville De Vaccaro,William G. Couser,Benjamin C Cowie,Michael H. Criqui,Marita Cross,Kaustubh Dabhadkar,Nabila Dahodwala,Diego De Leo,Louisa Degenhardt,Allyne Delossantos,Julie O. Denenberg,Don C. Des Jarlais,Samath D Dharmaratne,Samath D Dharmaratne,E. Ray Dorsey,Tim Driscoll,Herbert C. Duber,Beth E. Ebel,Patricia J. Erwin,Patricia Espindola,Majid Ezzati,Valery L. Feigin,Abraham D. Flaxman,Mohammad H. Forouzanfar,F.G.R. Fowkes,Richard C. Franklin,Marlene Fransen,Michael Freeman,Sherine E. Gabriel,Emmanuela Gakidou,Flavio Gaspari,Richard F. Gillum,Diego Gonzalez-Medina,Yara A. Halasa,Diana Haring,James Harrison,Rasmus Havmoeller,Rasmus Havmoeller,Roderick J. Hay,Bruno Hoen,Peter J. Hotez,Damian G Hoy,Kathryn H. Jacobsen,Spencer L. James,Rashmi Jasrasaria,Sudha Jayaraman,Nicole E. Johns,Ganesan Karthikeyan,Nicholas J Kassebaum,Andre Keren,Jon Paul Khoo,Lisa M. Knowlton,Olive Kobusingye,Adofo Koranteng,Rita Krishnamurthi,Michael S Lipnick,Steven E. Lipshultz,Summer Lockett Ohno,Jacqueline Mabweijano,Jacqueline Mabweijano,Michael F. Macintyre,Leslie Mallinger,Lyn March,Guy B. Marks,Robin Marks,Akira Matsumori,Richard Matzopoulos,Richard Matzopoulos,Bongani M. Mayosi,John H. McAnulty,Mary M. McDermott,John J. McGrath,Ziad A. Memish,George A. Mensah,Tony R. Merriman,Catherine Michaud,Matthew J. Miller,Ted R. Miller,Charles Mock,Ana Olga Mocumbi,Ali A. Mokdad,Andrew E. Moran,Kim Mulholland,M. Nathan Nair,Luigi Naldi,K.M. Venkat Narayan,Kiumarss Nasseri,Paul Norman,Martin O'Donnell,Saad B. Omer,Katrina F Ortblad,Richard H. Osborne,Doruk Ozgediz,Bishnu Pahari,Jeyaraj D Pandian,Andrea Panozo Rivero,Rogelio Perez Padilla,Fernando Perez-Ruiz,Norberto Perico,David Phillips,Kelsey Pierce,C. Arden Pope,Esteban Porrini,Farshad Pourmalek,Murugesan Raju,Dharani Ranganathan,Jürgen Rehm,David B. Rein,G. Remuzzi,Frederick P. Rivara,Thomas Roberts,Felipe Rodriguez De Leòn,Lisa C. Rosenfeld,Lesley Rushton,Ralph L. Sacco,Joshua A. Salomon,Uchechukwu Sampson,Ella Sanman,David C. Schwebel,Maria Segui-Gomez,Donald S. Shepard,David Singh,Jessica Singleton,Karen Sliwa,Emma Smith,Andrew C Steer,Jennifer A. Taylor,Bernadette Thomas,Imad M. Tleyjeh,Jeffrey A. Towbin,Thomas Truelsen,Eduardo A. Undurraga,Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian,Lakshmi Vijayakumar,Theo Vos,Gregory R. Wagner,Mengru Wang,Wenzhi Wang,Kerrianne Watt,Martin A. Weinstock,Robert G. Weintraub,James D. Wilkinson,Anthony D. Woolf,Sarah Wulf,Pon Hsiu Yeh,Paul S. F. Yip,Azadeh Zabetian,Zhi Jie Zheng,Alan D. Lopez,Christopher J L Murray +195 more
TL;DR: The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2010 aimed to estimate annual deaths for the world and 21 regions between 1980 and 2010 for 235 causes, with uncertainty intervals (UIs), separately by age and sex, using the Cause of Death Ensemble model.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 328 diseases and injuries for 195 countries, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
Theo Vos,Amanuel Alemu Abajobir,Kalkidan Hassen Abate,Cristiana Abbafati,Kaja Abbas,Foad Abd-Allah,Rizwan Suliankatchi Abdulkader,Abdishakur M. Abdulle,Teshome Abuka Abebo,Semaw Ferede Abera,Semaw Ferede Abera,Victor Aboyans,Laith J. Abu-Raddad,Ilana N. Ackerman,Abdu A. Adamu,Olatunji O. Adetokunboh,Mohsen Afarideh,Ashkan Afshin,Sanjay K. Agarwal,Rakesh Aggarwal,Anurag Agrawal,Anurag Agrawal,Sutapa Agrawal,Hamid Ahmadieh,Muktar Beshir Ahmed,Miloud Taki Eddine Aichour,Amani Nidhal Aichour,Ibtihel Aichour,Sneha Aiyar,Rufus Akinyemi,Rufus Akinyemi,Nadia Akseer,Faris Lami,Fares Alahdab,Ziyad Al-Aly,Khurshid Alam,Khurshid Alam,Noore Alam,Tahiya Alam,Deena Alasfoor,Kefyalew Addis Alene,Raghib Ali,Reza Alizadeh-Navaei,Ala'a Alkerwi,François Alla,Peter Allebeck,Christine Allen,Fatma Al-Maskari,Rajaa Al-Raddadi,Ubai Alsharif,Shirina Alsowaidi,Khalid A Altirkawi,Azmeraw T. Amare,Azmeraw T. Amare,Erfan Amini,Walid Ammar,Yaw Ampem Amoako,Hjalte H Andersen,Carl Abelardo T. Antonio,Palwasha Anwari,Johan Ärnlöv,Al Artaman,Krishna Kumar Aryal,Hamid Asayesh,Solomon Weldegebreal Asgedom,Reza Assadi,Tesfay Mehari Atey,Niguse Tadele Atnafu,Sachin R Atre,Leticia Avila-Burgos,Euripide Frinel G Arthur Avokphako,Ashish Awasthi,Umar Bacha,Alaa Badawi,Kalpana Balakrishnan,Amitava Banerjee,Marlena S Bannick,Aleksandra Barac,Ryan M Barber,Suzanne Barker-Collo,Till Bärnighausen,Simón Barquera,Lars Barregard,Lope H Barrero,Sanjay Basu,Bob Battista,Katherine E Battle,Bernhard T. Baune,Shahrzad Bazargan-Hejazi,Shahrzad Bazargan-Hejazi,Justin Beardsley,Neeraj Bedi,Neeraj Bedi,Ettore Beghi,Yannick Béjot,Bayu Begashaw Bekele,Michelle L. Bell,Derrick A Bennett,Isabela M. Benseñor,Jennifer Benson,Adugnaw Berhane,Derbew Fikadu Berhe,Eduardo Bernabé,Balem Demtsu Betsu,Mircea Beuran,Addisu Shunu Beyene,Neeraj Bhala,Anil Bhansali,Samir Bhatt,Zulfiqar A Bhutta,Zulfiqar A Bhutta,Sibhatu Biadgilign,Burcu Kucuk Bicer,Kelly Bienhoff,Boris Bikbov,Charles Birungi,Stan Biryukov,Donal Bisanzio,Donal Bisanzio,Habtamu Mellie Bizuayehu,Dube Jara Boneya,Dube Jara Boneya,Soufiane Boufous,Rupert R A Bourne,Alexandra Brazinova,Traolach S. Brugha,Rachelle Buchbinder,Lemma Negesa Bulto Bulto,Blair R. Bumgarner,Zahid A Butt,Lucero Cahuana-Hurtado,Ewan Cameron,Mate Car,Hélène Carabin,Hélène Carabin,Jonathan R. Carapetis,Rosario Cárdenas,David O Carpenter,Juan Jesus Carrero,Austin Carter,Félix Carvalho,Daniel C Casey,Valeria Caso,Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela,Chris D Castle,Ferrán Catalá-López,Hsing-Yi Chang,Jung-Chen Chang,Fiona J Charlson,Honglei Chen,Mirriam Chibalabala,Chioma Ezinne Chibueze,Vesper Hichilombwe Chisumpa,Abdulaal A Chitheer,Devasahayam J. Christopher,Liliana G Ciobanu,Massimo Cirillo,Danny Colombara,Cyrus Cooper,Paolo Cortesi,Michael H. Criqui,John A. Crump,Abel Fekadu Dadi,Koustuv Dalal,Lalit Dandona,Lalit Dandona,Rakhi Dandona,Rakhi Dandona,José Neves,Dragos Virgil Davitoiu,Barbora de Courten,Diego De Leo,Barthelemy Kuate Defo,Louisa Degenhardt,Louisa Degenhardt,Selina Deiparine,Robert P. Dellavalle,Robert P. Dellavalle,Kebede Deribe,Don C. Des Jarlais,Subhojit Dey,Samath D Dharmaratne,Samath D Dharmaratne,Preet Kaur Dhillon,Daniel Dicker,Eric L. Ding,Shirin Djalalinia,Huyen Phuc Do,E. Ray Dorsey,Kadine Priscila Bender dos Santos,Dirk Douwes-Schultz,Kerrie E. Doyle,Tim Driscoll,Manisha Dubey,Bruce Bartholow Duncan,Ziad El-Khatib,Jerisha Ellerstrand,Ahmad Ali Enayati,Aman Yesuf Endries,Sergey Petrovich Ermakov,Holly E. Erskine,Babak Eshrati,Sharareh Eskandarieh,Alireza Esteghamati,Kara Estep,Fanuel Belayneh Bekele Fanuel,Carla Sofia e Sa Farinha,André Faro,Farshad Farzadfar,Mir Sohail Fazeli,Valery L. Feigin,Valery L. Feigin,Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad,Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad,João C. Fernandes,Alize J. Ferrari,Tesfaye Regassa Feyissa,Irina Filip,Florian Fischer,Christina Fitzmaurice,Abraham D Flaxman,Luisa Sorio Flor,Nataliya Foigt,Kyle J Foreman,Richard C. Franklin,Nancy Fullman,Thomas Fürst,João M. Furtado,Neal D. Futran,Emmanuela Gakidou,Morsaleh Ganji,Alberto L Garcia-Basteiro,Teshome Gebre,Teshome Gebre,Tsegaye Tewelde Gebrehiwot,Ayele Geleto,Ayele Geleto,Bikila Lencha Gemechu,Hailay Abrha Gesesew,Peter W. Gething,Alireza Ghajar,Katherine B Gibney,Paramjit Gill,Richard F. Gillum,Richard F. Gillum,Ibrahim Abdelmageem Mohamed Ginawi,Ababi Zergaw Giref,Melkamu Dedefo Gishu,Giorgia Giussani,William W Godwin,Audra L Gold,Ellen M Goldberg,Philimon Gona,Amador Goodridge,Sameer Vali Gopalani,Atsushi Goto,Alessandra C. Goulart,Max Griswold,Harish Chander Gugnani,Rashmi Gupta,Rajeev Gupta,Tanush Gupta,Vipin Gupta,Nima Hafezi-Nejad,Gessessew Bugssa Hailu,Alemayehu Hailu,Randah R. Hamadeh,Samer Hamidi,Alexis J Handal,Graeme J. Hankey,Graeme J. Hankey,Sarah Wulf Hanson,Yuantao Hao,Hilda L Harb,Habtamu Abera Hareri,Josep Maria Haro,James D. Harvey,Mohammad Sadegh Hassanvand,Rasmus Havmoeller,Caitlin Hawley,Simon I. Hay,Roderick J. Hay,Nathaniel J Henry,Ileana Heredia-Pi,Julio C. Montañez Hernandez,Pouria Heydarpour,Hans W. Hoek,Howard J. Hoffman,Nobuyuki Horita,H. Dean Hosgood,Sorin Hostiuc,Peter J. Hotez,Damian G Hoy,Aung Soe Htet,Guoqing Hu,Hsiang Huang,Chantal Huynh,Kim Moesgaard Iburg,Ehimario U. Igumbor,Chad Ikeda,Caleb Mackay Salpeter Irvine,Kathryn H. Jacobsen,Nader Jahanmehr,Mihajlo Jakovljevic,Simerjot K Jassal,Mehdi Javanbakht,Sudha P Jayaraman,Panniyammakal Jeemon,Paul N. Jensen,Vivekanand Jha,Vivekanand Jha,Guohong Jiang,Denny John,Sarah Charlotte Johnson,Catherine O. Johnson,Jost B. Jonas,Mikk Jürisson,Zubair Kabir,Rajendra Kadel,Amaha Kahsay,Ritul Kamal,Haidong Kan,Nadim E. Karam,André Karch,Corine Karema,Amir Kasaeian,Getachew Mullu Kassa,Nigussie Assefa Kassaw,Nicholas J Kassebaum,Anshul Kastor,Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi,Anil Kaul,Norito Kawakami,Peter Njenga Keiyoro,Andre Pascal Kengne,Andre Keren,Yousef Khader,Ibrahim A Khalil,Ejaz Ahmad Khan,Young-Ho Khang,Ardeshir Khosravi,Jagdish Khubchandani,Aliasghar Ahmad Kiadaliri,Christian Kieling,Yun Jin Kim,Daniel Kim,Pauline Kim,Ruth W Kimokoti,Yohannes Kinfu,Adnan Kisa,Adnan Kisa,Katarzyna Kissimova-Skarbek,Mika Kivimäki,Ann Kristin Knudsen,Yoshihiro Kokubo,Dhaval Kolte,Jacek A Kopec,Soewarta Kosen,Parvaiz A Koul,Ai Koyanagi,Michael Kravchenko,Sanjay Krishnaswami,Kristopher J Krohn,G Anil Kumar,Pushpendra Kumar,Sanjiv Kumar,Hmwe H Kyu,Dharmesh Kumar Lal,Ratilal Lalloo,Nkurunziza Lambert,Qing Lan,Anders Larsson,Pablo M Lavados,Janet L Leasher,Paul H. Lee,Jong-Tae Lee,James Leigh,Cheru Tesema Leshargie,Janni Leung,Ricky Leung,Miriam Levi,Yichong Li,Yongmei Li,Darya Li Kappe,Xiaofeng Liang,Misgan Legesse Liben,Stephen S Lim,Shai Linn,Patrick Y Liu,Angela Liu,Shiwei Liu,Yang Liu,Rakesh Lodha,Giancarlo Logroscino,Stephanie J. London,Katharine J Looker,Alan D. Lopez,Alan D. Lopez,Stefan Lorkowski,Paulo A. Lotufo,Nicola Low,Rafael Lozano,Tim C.D. Lucas,Erlyn Rachelle King Macarayan,Hassan Magdy Abd El Razek,Mohammed Magdy Abd El Razek,Mahdi Mahdavi,Marek Majdan,Reza Majdzadeh,Azeem Majeed,Reza Malekzadeh,Reza Malekzadeh,Rajesh Malhotra,Deborah Carvalho Malta,Abdullah Al Mamun,Helena Manguerra,Treh Manhertz,Ana Mantilla,Lorenzo G. Mantovani,Chabila C Mapoma,Laurie B. Marczak,Jose Martinez-Raga,Francisco Rogerlândio Martins-Melo,Ira Martopullo,Winfried März,Manu Raj Mathur,Mohsen Mazidi,Colm McAlinden,Madeline McGaughey,John J. McGrath,John J. McGrath,Martin McKee,Claire McNellan,Suresh Mehata,Man Mohan Mehndiratta,Tefera Chane Mekonnen,Peter Memiah,Ziad A. Memish,Walter Mendoza,Mubarek Abera Mengistie,Desalegn Tadese Mengistu,George A. Mensah,Tuomo J. Meretoja,Atte Meretoja,Haftay Berhane Mezgebe,Renata Micha,Anoushka Millear,Ted R. Miller,Ted R. Miller,Edward J Mills,Mojde Mirarefin,Erkin M. Mirrakhimov,Awoke Misganaw,Shiva Raj Mishra,Philip B. Mitchell,Karzan Abdulmuhsin Mohammad,Alireza Mohammadi,Kedir Endris Mohammed,Shafiu Mohammed,Sanjay K. Mohanty,Ali H. Mokdad,Sarah K Mollenkopf,Lorenzo Monasta,Marcella Montico,Maziar Moradi-Lakeh,Paula Moraga,Rintaro Mori,Chloe Morozoff,Shane D. Morrison,Mark Moses,Cliff Mountjoy-Venning,Kalayu Birhane Mruts,Ulrich O Mueller,Kate Muller,M. E. Murdoch,Gudlavalleti V S Murthy,Kamarul Imran Musa,Jean B. Nachega,Gabriele Nagel,Mohsen Naghavi,Aliya Naheed,Kovin Naidoo,Luigi Naldi,Vinay Nangia,Gopalakrishnan Natarajan,Dumessa Edessa Negasa,Ruxandra Irina Negoi,Ionut Negoi,Charles R. Newton,Charles R. Newton,Josephine W. Ngunjiri,Trang Huyen Nguyen,Quyen Nguyen,Cuong Tat Nguyen,Grant Nguyen,Minh Nguyen,Emma Nichols,Dina Nur Anggraini Ningrum,Dina Nur Anggraini Ningrum,Sandra Nolte,Vuong Minh Nong,Bo Norrving,Jean Jacques Noubiap,Martin O'Donnell,Felix Akpojene Ogbo,In-Hwan Oh,Anselm Okoro,Olanrewaju Oladimeji,Olanrewaju Oladimeji,Tinuke O Olagunju,Andrew T Olagunju,Andrew T Olagunju,Helen E Olsen,Bolajoko O. Olusanya,Jacob Olusegun Olusanya,Kanyin Ong,John Nelson Opio,Eyal Oren,Eyal Oren,Alberto Ortiz,Aaron Osgood-Zimmerman,Majdi Osman,Mayowa O. Owolabi,Mahesh Pa,Rosana E. Pacella,Adrian Pana,Basant Kumar Panda,Christina Papachristou,Christina Papachristou,Eun-Kee Park,Charles D. H. Parry,Mahboubeh Parsaeian,Scott B. Patten,George C Patton,Katherine R. Paulson,Neil Pearce,David M. Pereira,David M. Pereira,Norberto Perico,Konrad Pesudovs,Carrie Beth Peterson,Max Petzold,Michael R. Phillips,David M. Pigott,Julian David Pillay,Christine Pinho,Dietrich Plass,Martin A Pletcher,Svetlana Popova,Richie Poulton,Farshad Pourmalek,Dorairaj Prabhakaran,Noela M Prasad,Narayan Prasad,Carrie Purcell,Mostafa Qorbani,Reginald Quansah,Beatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla,Rynaz H S Rabiee,Amir Radfar,Anwar Rafay,Kazem Rahimi,Afarin Rahimi-Movaghar,Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar,Mohammad Hifz Ur Rahman,Mahfuzar Rahman,Rajesh Kumar Rai,Sasa Rajsic,Usha Ram,Chhabi Lal Ranabhat,Zane Rankin,Puja C Rao,P. V. Rao,Salman Rawaf,Sarah E Ray,Robert C. Reiner,Nikolas Reinig,Marissa B Reitsma,Giuseppe Remuzzi,Andre M. N. Renzaho,Serge Resnikoff,Satar Rezaei,Antonio Luiz Pinho Ribeiro,Luca Ronfani,Gholamreza Roshandel,Gholamreza Roshandel,Gregory A. Roth,Ambuj Roy,Enrico Rubagotti,George Mugambage Ruhago,Soheil Saadat,Nafis Sadat,Mahdi Safdarian,Sare Safi,Saeid Safiri,Rajesh Sagar,Ramesh Sahathevan,Joseph Salama,Huda Omer Ba Saleem,Joshua A. Salomon,Sundeep Salvi,Abdallah M. Samy,Juan Sanabria,Juan Sanabria,Damian Santomauro,Itamar S. Santos,João Vasco Santos,Milena M Santric Milicevic,Benn Sartorius,Maheswar Satpathy,Monika Sawhney,Sonia Saxena,Maria Inês Schmidt,Ione Jayce Ceola Schneider,Ben Schöttker,David C. Schwebel,Falk Schwendicke,Soraya Seedat,Sadaf G. Sepanlou,Sadaf G. Sepanlou,Edson Serván-Mori,Tesfaye Setegn,Katya Anne Shackelford,Amira Shaheen,Masood Ali Shaikh,Mansour Shamsipour,Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam,Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam,Jayendra Sharma,Rajesh Sharma,Jun She,Peilin Shi,Chloe Shields,Girma Temam Shifa,Mika Shigematsu,Yukito Shinohara,Rahman Shiri,Reza Shirkoohi,Shreya Shirude,Kawkab Shishani,Mark G. Shrime,Abla M. Sibai,Inga Dora Sigfusdottir,Inga Dora Sigfusdottir,Diego Augusto Santos Silva,João Pedro Silva,Dayane Gabriele Alves Silveira,Jasvinder A. Singh,Narinder Pal Singh,Dhirendra N Sinha,Eirini Skiadaresi,Vegard Skirbekk,Erica Leigh Slepak,Amber Sligar,David L. Smith,Mari Smith,Badr Hasan Sobaih,Eugene Sobngwi,Reed J D Sorensen,Tatiane Cristina Moraes Sousa,Luciano A. Sposato,Chandrashekhar T Sreeramareddy,Vinay Srinivasan,Jeffrey D. Stanaway,Vasiliki Stathopoulou,Nicholas Steel,Murray B. Stein,Dan J. Stein,Dan J. Stein,Timothy J. Steiner,Timothy J. Steiner,Caitlyn Steiner,S. Steinke,S. Steinke,Mark A. Stokes,Lars Jacob Stovner,Bryan Strub,Michelle L Subart,Mu'awiyyah Babale Sufiyan,Bruno F. Sunguya,Bruno F. Sunguya,Patrick J Sur,Patrick J Sur,Soumya Swaminathan,Bryan L. Sykes,Dillon O Sylte,Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos,Getachew Redae Taffere,Jukka Takala,Nikhil Tandon,Mohammad Tavakkoli,Nuno Taveira,Hugh R. Taylor,Arash Tehrani-Banihashemi,Tesfalidet Tekelab,Abdullah Sulieman Terkawi,Dawit Jember Tesfaye,Belay Tesssema,Ornwipa Thamsuwan,Katie E Thomas,Amanda G. Thrift,Tenaw Yimer Tiruye,Ruoyan Tobe-Gai,Mette Christophersen Tollånes,Mette Christophersen Tollånes,Marcello Tonelli,Roman Topor-Madry,Roman Topor-Madry,Miguel Tortajada,Mathilde Touvier,Bach Xuan Tran,Suryakant Tripathi,Christopher Troeger,Thomas Truelsen,Derrick Tsoi,Kald Beshir Tuem,Emin Murat Tuzcu,Stefanos Tyrovolas,Kingsley N. Ukwaja,Eduardo A. Undurraga,Eduardo A. Undurraga,Chigozie Jesse Uneke,Rachel L Updike,Olalekan A. Uthman,Benjamin S Chudi Uzochukwu,Job F M van Boven,Santosh Varughese,Tommi Vasankari,S Venkatesh,Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian,Ramesh Vidavalur,Francesco Saverio Violante,Sergey K Vladimirov,Vasiliy Victorovich Vlassov,Stein Emil Vollset,Fiseha Wadilo,Tolassa Wakayo,Tolassa Wakayo,Yuan-Pang Wang,Marcia R. Weaver,Scott Weichenthal,Elisabete Weiderpass,Robert G. Weintraub,Andrea Werdecker,Ronny Westerman,Harvey Whiteford,Harvey Whiteford,Tissa Wijeratne,Charles Shey Wiysonge,Charles D.A. Wolfe,Charles D.A. Wolfe,Rachel Woodbrook,Anthony D. Woolf,Abdulhalik Workicho,Denis Xavier,Gelin Xu,Simon Yadgir,Mohsen Yaghoubi,Bereket Yakob,Lijing L Yan,Yuichiro Yano,Pengpeng Ye,Hassen Hamid Yimam,Paul S. F. Yip,Naohiro Yonemoto,Seok Jun Yoon,Marcel Yotebieng,Mustafa Z. Younis,Mustafa Z. Younis,Zoubida Zaidi,Maysaa El Sayed Zaki,Elias Asfaw Zegeye,Zerihun Menlkalew Zenebe,Xueying Zhang,Maigeng Zhou,Ben Zipkin,Sanjay Zodpey,Liesl Zühlke,Christopher J L Murray +778 more
TL;DR: The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016) provides a comprehensive assessment of prevalence, incidence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) for 328 causes in 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2016.