Universidade Positivo

About: Universidade Positivo is a education organization based out in Curitiba, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Medicine. The organization has 1290 authors who have published 1237 publications receiving 9335 citations. The organization is also known as: Positive University.

The relationship between molar incisor hypomineralization, dental caries, socioeconomic factors, and polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor gene: a population-based study

Abstract: The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to investigate whether polymorphisms in vitamin D receptor (VDR) genes increase the prevalence of dental caries, molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH), and hypomineralized primary second molars (HPSM). A representative population-based sample of 731 schoolchildren, 8 years of age, was randomly selected in Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. MIH, HPSM, and dental caries were clinically assessed by four calibrated examiners (kappa > 0.80) using European Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (2003) criteria, the modified Developmental Defects of Enamel (DDE) index, and the Decayed, Missing, or Filled Teeth (DMFT) index by the World Health Organization (2013), respectively. The VDR rs739837 and rs2228570 polymorphisms were genotyped using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Associations were analyzed by Poisson regression with robust variance (α = 0.05). Schoolchildren with MIH presented a higher prevalence of dental caries (DMFT > 1, PR = 2.52, confidence interval = 1.60–3.97, p ≤ 0.001). No association was observed between MIH, HPSM, and dental caries, with rs739837 and rs2228570 polymorphisms. Individuals with the GT/GG genotype in rs739837 polymorphism presented a higher prevalence of MIH in molars and incisors than individuals TT (PR = 2.34, confidence interval = 1.08–5.07, p = 0.03). Children with MIH presented a significant higher prevalence of dental caries than children without MIH. To carry at least one G allele in rs739837 was associated to higher prevalence of MIH in molars and incisors. Our findings suggested that more severe cases with incisors affected by MIH could be associated with polymorphism in VDR gene.

Accidental aspiration in a patient with Parkinson's disease during implant-supported prosthesis construction: a case report.

Abstract: This article reports on a case history of an elderly patient with Parkinson's disease (PD) who sought treatment at a private dental office. His chief complaint was "difficulty in eating due to an illfitting prosthesis." Laboratory tests and oral radiographs were made. The surgical placement of an implant was done and, subsequently, an implant-supported prosthesis was fitted for the patient. During the impression for the construction of the implant-supported prosthesis, the patient accidentally aspirated the implant screwdriver. The object was found in the lower right lobe of the bronchus, and its removal was necessary in a hospital using bronchoscopy under general anesthesia. Patients with PD are considered at risk of aspirating and/or ingesting dental instruments. Short treatment periods are recommended, preferably during the morning, when the medication prescribed for PD is most effective. When treating patients who have a risk for aspirating and ingesting small objects, it is important to treat them in a more vertical position, and small-sized objects should be secured with dental floss to aid retrieval.

[Patient satisfaction with pharmacy services: translation and validation of the Pharmacy Services Questionnaire for Brazil].

Abstract: Este estudo teve por objetivo traduzir e validar para o portugues o Pharmacy Services Questionnaire (PSQ). O instrumento possui 20 questoes que medem a satisfacao dos usuarios com servicos da farmacia, organizadas em dois dominios. Utiliza uma escala de respostas Likert de 1 (ruim) a 5 (excelente). O Questionario de Satisfacao com os Servicos da Farmacia (QSSF) foi aplicado a 137 diabeticos entre 31 e 89 anos (60,6% mulheres), clientes de farmacias privadas, em sua maioria usuarios de servicos publicos de saude (65,7%), com baixa escolaridade (67,9% ate ensino fundamental) e utilizando em media 4,3 medicamentos por pessoa. O escore geral na populacao estudada foi de 3,6 [DP = 1,1 (IC95%: 3,4-3,8)]. Apos analise fatorial, os dominios "exposicao agradavel" e "manejo da terapia" incluiram 8 e 12 itens, respectivamente, e se correlacionaram significativamente entre si (r = 0,92; p < 0,001) e com o escore geral. O instrumento obteve um a de Cronbach de 0,98 para o escore geral. Os dominios exposicao agradavel e manejo da terapia mostraram um a de 0,941 e 0,980. O QSSF apresenta aspectos de confiabilidade e validade adequados para sua utilizacao.

Role of HIF-1α and CASPASE-3 in cystogenesis of odontogenic cysts and tumors

Abstract: Odontogenic cysts and tumors are the most relevant lesions that affect the gnathic bones. These lesions have in common the formation of cystic areas and this common feature may suggest involvement of similar mechanisms. The hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α), a responsive protein to hypoxia and caspase-3, an irreversible apoptosis marker, may contribute to cyst formation. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the immunoexpression of these proteins in odontogenic cysts and tumors. Twenty cases of ameloblastoma, keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KOT) (n = 20), radicular cyst (RC) (n = 18), dentigerous cyst (DC) (n = 11), calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor (n = 8), and dental follicle (DF) (n = 10) were used to investigate HIF-1α and caspase-3 expression in sequential serial cuts by immunohistochemistry. HIF-1α was overexpressed in RC, DC, and ameloblastoma when compared with DF. The basal and sometimes the lower suprabasal layer showed no or very low expression in DC, KOT, and ameloblastoma, the last also showing strong expression in solid epithelial areas and initial cystic formation regions. Caspase-3 was found to be overexpressed in all lesions, with the highest expression in odontogenic cysts compared to tumors. HIF-1α and caspase-3 were localized in similar areas of the same lesions, especially in the epithelium surrounding cystic formations. This study showed distinct immunoexpression of HIF-1α and caspase-3 in odontogenic cyst and tumors, with higher expression observed in odontogenic cysts. These findings suggest a possible correlation between hypoxia, apoptosis, and cystogenesis, leading to understand the mechanisms responsible to cystic formation in odontogenic lesions.

Teoria da Atividade: contribuições conceituais e metodológicas para o estudo da aprendizagem organizacional

Abstract: Atualmente existe no Brasil uma crescente discussao sobre aprendizagem organizacional na area de Administracao. Desta forma, este artigo visa contribuir para essa discussao introduzindo elementos teorico-metodologicos provenientes da Teoria da Atividade, pertencente a perspectiva historico-cultural, de tradicao russa. Dentro dessa proposta, a metodologia de pesquisa de desenvolvimento do trabalho e a aprendizagem expansiva sao apresentadas como elementos alinhados a essa teoria e promissores no estudo da aprendizagem e no desenvolvimento organizacional, contribuindo para a aprendizagem do nivel individual e coletivo. Com base nesse escopo teorico-metodologico de pesquisa, pretende-se contribuir para novos debates, oportunizando o dialogo com outras perspectivas de analise bem como considerando a possibilidade da propria expansao do conceito sobre aprendizagem organizacional.