Universidade Positivo

About: Universidade Positivo is a education organization based out in Curitiba, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Medicine. The organization has 1290 authors who have published 1237 publications receiving 9335 citations. The organization is also known as: Positive University.

(Des)judicialización de la salud: mediación y diálogos interinstitucionales

Abstract: A partir del examen de la legislacion, la jurisprudencia y la doctrina, se analiza el trayecto usual de los pedidos de medicamentos en el Sistema Unico de Salud, con enfasis en las solicitudes por fuera del Listado Nacional de Medicamentos Esenciales. El itinerario usual, a partir del cual la unica respuesta a una negativa es la proposicion de acciones judiciales, torna costoso al sistema, lo vuelve mas complejo y potencia las inequidades. En este contexto, se procura repensar esta sistematica partiendo de mecanismos no judiciales de solucion de conflictos. Asumiendo que la judicializacion no comienza ni termina en el Poder Judicial, se consideran algunas medidas para “desjudicializar” la salud: la implementacion de camaras de mediacion ademas del protocolo del Sistema Unico de Salud, previo a las demandas judiciales; el reforzamiento del dialogo interinstitucional entre entidades como la Defensoria Publica, el Ministerio Publico, la Secretaria de Salud y los Nucleos de Apoyo Tecnico de los tribunales; y la ampliacion de las vias no judiciales, para facilitar el acceso, reducir los costos en gastos no destinados al tratamiento y mejorar la salud publica

Perfil do Conhecimento de Estudantes de uma Universidade Particular de Curitiba em relação ao HPV e Sua Prevenção

Abstract: O HPV e a doenca sexualmente transmissivel mais frequente no mundo e entre jovens e sexualmente ativos, sendo que 50% dos casos novos ocorrem nos primeiros tres anos apos o inicio da atividade sexual. A infeccao por este virus e a principal alteracao necessaria a ocorrencia do câncer do colo do utero. Este trabalho visa avaliar o nivel de conhecimento de academicos de uma universidade particular de Curitiba, dos cursos de Enfermagem, Odontologia e Medicina, sobre o HPV. E um estudo transversal observacional descritivo com coleta prospectiva, por meio da aplicacao de 527 questionarios a estudantes da Universidade Positivo de Curitiba de junho a agosto de 2014. Pertenciam ao sexo masculino 29,5% (N = 155) dos alunos e ao sexo feminino 70,4% (N = 369), com media de idade de 21,85 anos (DP = 4,38). A quantidade de acertos foi maior no curso de Medicina em quase todas as questoes sobre conhecimento. Quanto a prevencao do HPV, a maior parte dos estudantes conhecia os meios de transmissao do HPV, sendo que 56,6% (N = 272) citaram corretamente mais de um metodo preventivo e 41,3% (N = 212) afirmaram que a vacina e o metodo mais eficaz de prevencao. Sobre o conhecimento das situacoes que aumentam o risco de transmissao, mais estudantes consideraram que multiplos parceiros representam maior risco que o nao uso de preservativo. Apesar de 86,4% (N = 434) afirmarem ja ter ouvido falar do HPV, 76,8% (N = 398) afirmaram que o HPV pode apresentar sintomas, e somente 13% (N = 69) conheciam os efeitos a longo prazo. Do total de estudantes sexualmente ativos, 75,57% (N = 396) usam algum metodo contraceptivo, sendo o anticoncepcional oral o mais utilizado, com 61% (N = 137), seguido do preservativo masculino, com 33% (N = 73). Das alunas sexualmente ativas com parceiro fixo, 63% (N = 193) realizam visitas anuais ao ginecologista e, destas, 14% (N = 44) nunca fizeram o preventivo. Os estudantes estiveram acima da media esperada na maioria das questoes.

Endodontia mecanizada: a evolução dos sistemas rotatórios contínuos Mechanized endodontic: the evolution of continuous rotary systems

Abstract: Introduction: None phase of endodontic treatment has showed significant evolution as the instrumentation, due to the expressive development of the rotary files, what justifies the need of studies regarding this matter. Objective: The aim of this study was to carry a review about the evolution of continuous rotary systems, showing individuals features, action mechanism, shaping technique, advantages and disadvantages of each system and corrections of possible failures. Literature review: Through comparison, the main factors regarding the use of rotary systems were analyzed in general in the literature review, such as cleaning and shaping, ability to remove smear layer and debris, apical transportation, apical extrusion of debris, loss of working length, zips formation, stairs and perforations, file deformations and fractures’ rate and working time for root canal shaping. Conclusion: It was concluded that the systems ProTaper Universal, K3, Hero, Race and MTwo are the most representative in the actual moment. The systems BioRace and Twisted File are the most promising because studies about them still need to be accomplished.

Bariatric Surgery and the Mechanisms of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease.

Abstract: Introduction: The association between obesity and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is very well known and the pathophysiology of GERD is not completely understood but is likely to have a multifactorial nature especially after bariatric procedures. Methods: The current editorial summarizes the principal mechanisms involved in the reflux disease following different bariatric procedures. Results: Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding could reduce the gastroesophageal reflux in the short term in some cases, but overeating will inevitably lead to enlargement of the pouch with loss of its antireflux properties. Although the laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass was considered the gold standard procedure for obese patients with reflux disease, many patients had at least one complication within their follow-up period. One anastomosis gastric bypass remains a controversial procedure for GERD, especially when it is proposed as revisional surgery after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. As revisional surgery, either single anastomosis duodeno-ileostomy (SADI) or duodenal switch (DS) have little or no impact on GERD and in our experience the indication for SADI/DS is a valid option in case of absence of any symptoms of reflux. The effect of sleeve for GERD is contradictory. Conclusion: For those with moderate reflux, since specific procedure guidelines are missing, surgical treatment for morbid obese patients must be selected according to the clinical characteristics of the patient, his eating habits and patient willingness. It should be based on a preoperative workup with shared decision making, with the double purpose of treating both GERD and obesity.

Prevalence of dementia in patients seen at a private hospital in the Southern Region of Brazil.

Abstract: Objective To evaluate the epidemiological profile of patients seen at a dementia outpatient clinic. Methods A retrospective study conducted by medical record review searching data on sex, race, age, schooling level, and diagnosis of patients seen from 2008 to 2015. Results A total of 760 patients were studied, with a predominance of female (61.3%; p<0.0001). The mean age was 71.2±14.43 years for women and 66.1±16.61 years for men. The most affected age group was 71 to 80 years, accounting for 29.4% of cases. In relation to race, 96.3% of patients were white. Dementia was diagnosed in 68.8% of patients, and Alzheimer’s disease confirmed in 48.9%, vascular dementia in 11.3%, and mixed dementia in 7.8% of cases. The prevalence of dementia was 3% at 70 years and 25% at 85 years. Dementia appeared significantly earlier in males (mean age 68.5±15.63 years). As to sex distribution, it was more frequent in women (59.6%) than in men (40.4%; p<0.0001; OR=2.15). People with higher schooling level (more than 9 years) had a significantly younger age at onset of dementia as compared to those with lower schooling level (1 to 4 years; p=0.0007). Conclusion Most patients seen in the period presented dementia, and Alzheimer was the most prevalent disease. Women were more affected, and men presented young onset of the disease. Individuals with higher schooling level were diagnosed earlier than those with lower level.