Universidade Positivo

About: Universidade Positivo is a education organization based out in Curitiba, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Medicine. The organization has 1290 authors who have published 1237 publications receiving 9335 citations. The organization is also known as: Positive University.

Risco ambiental gerado pelo uso de antibióticos no setor de internamento pediátrico hospitalar

Abstract: RESUMO Os efluentes hospitalares sempre foram fonte de preocupacao pela poluicao microbiologica, mas somente com o aumento na deteccao de antibioticos em aguas de rios surgiu a necessidade de se avaliar o risco ambiental gerado pelos efluentes de hospitais. Nesse contexto, foi realizada uma avaliacao de risco ambiental (ARA) para 19 antibioticos utilizados em um servico de internamento pediatrico hospitalar pelo periodo de 36 meses (junho de 2013 a maio de 2016). O principal objetivo deste estudo foi estimar o risco ambiental associado ao padrao de uso dos antibioticos selecionados lancados na rede de esgoto. A ferramenta utilizada para a avaliacao de risco foi a concentracao ambiental prevista (CAP), Fase I e Fase II (EMeA, 2006). Foram levantados os dados de populacao, dispensacao e administracao dos antibioticos para o calculo da CAP, e valores de referencia da concentracao ambiental prevista em que nao se observam efeitos (CAPNE) foram obtidos de fontes na literatura. O quociente de risco (QR) usado para caracterizar o risco foi obtido por meio da razao CAP/CAPNE. Apenas quatro antibioticos apresentaram QR abaixo do limiar de nivel alto (QR < 1), enquanto os outros 15 antibioticos apresentaram valores de QR considerados de alto potencial de dano ambiental, tendo-se verificado os valores mais elevados para ceftriaxona, piperaciclina, tazobactam, ciprofloxacino, vancomicina e oxacilina. Os resultados evidenciaram que existe risco substancial de danos ambientais associado a descarga dessas substâncias no efluente, consistindo em preocupacao ambiental significativa com relacao ao padrao de consumo de antibioticos no setor de internamento pediatrico hospitalar.

Good hygiene practices in school canteens: evaluation between types of schools and administration as well as presence of technical professional

Abstract: The aim of the study was to evaluate the school canteens located within different types of schools, together with their types of administration and the presence of a technical professional regarding Good Hygiene Practices (GHPs). The observational study was conducted in 111 school canteens, 35 from private and 76 public schools in Curitiba, Brazil. A checklist based on national and international legislation on good hygiene practices -GHP was elaborated and applied during the work routine. With the list, the information was gathered about the type of administration and the presence of a technical professional (nutritionist) in these canteens. Most school canteens were classified as Regular, comprising between 50% and 69% of adequate assessment in relation to GHPs. The most unsatisfactory criteria were related to food temperature control, training of food handlers and Manual of GHPs and Standard Operating Procedures (SOP). Private school canteens were better classified than public school canteens in most of the categories evaluated (p < 0.05). In addition, the school canteens that have been outsourced and have also had a person technically responsible (nutritionist) (p < 0.01) presented the best results. This shows the need for the public school canteens with self-management systems and no technical professional to re-evaluate the sanitary criteria and to implement new strategies, as well as improving procedures for food temperature control, training of food handlers and elaboration of Manual of GHPs and SOP. Improvement with respect to these procedures will assist in better control of food safety and prevent diseases in the student population, contributing to health promotion in the school environment.

Análise do contraste da penalidade e da recompensa (prc): identificando atributos de qualidade em serviços de academias

Abstract: The competition faced by large companies demands high quality services and perfection levels. To achieve this superior performance, efforts and resources are addressed as goals. The method used in this research, the Analysis of Contrast Penalty and Reward (ACPR), allows businesses to know which services attributes should be improved (revised) and which should be maintained. Two academies were analyzed as sample size. The results showed that customers consider the academies' readiness and physical facilities as required to obtain higher levels of satisfaction.

Corneal reepithelialization time with instillation of eye drops containing sodium hyaluronate and carboxymethylcellulose

Abstract: OBJETIVO: Avaliar o tempo de reepitelizacao corneana pos abrasao usando colirios comercialmente disponiveis, um contendo hialuronato de sodio a 0,4%, outro contendo carboximetilcelulose a 1%, e comparar com a reepitelizacao sem instilacao de colirio. METODOS: Foram utilizados 24 coelhos, nos quais foi feita a abrasao mecânica da cornea nos 8 mm centrais. Esses animais foram divididos em tres grupos. O primeiro grupo recebeu um colirio disponivel comercialmente contendo hialuronato de sodio 0,4%, o segundo recebeu um colirio contendo carboximetilcelulose 1% e o terceiro nao recebeu nenhuma droga. A avaliacao foi feita a cada 24 horas por meio da analise de fotografias digitais sob luz azul de cobalto e coramento das corneas com fluoresceina a 2%. O estudo das imagens foi feito pelo sistema de analise de imagens do Autocad 2009®. A analise dos dados foi feita comparando o tempo total de reepitelizacao da cornea e a cada 24 horas entre os tres grupos. RESULTADOS: A velocidade de reepitelizacao do grupo que usou colirio contendo hialuronato de sodio foi em media 90 horas; o grupo que usou carboximetilcelulose apresentou media de 105 horas; e o grupo que nao usou nenhum tipo de lubrificante apresentou media de 108 horas para total reepitelizacao. Houve uma melhor performance na reepitelizacao apos 96 horas nas corneas dos coelhos que usaram os colirios lubrificantes, sendo essa diferenca estatisticamente comprovada. CONCLUSAO: O colirio contendo hialuronato de sodio 0,4% mostrou indice de eficacia maior que aquele contendo carboximetilcelulose 1%, e este maior eficacia que o controle. Os resultados encontrados neste estudo mostram que o uso de lubrificantes no processo de reepitelizacao sao de extrema valia e devem ser usados de rotina na clinica oftalmologica.

Endodontic Retreatment Using a Single Instrument from four Nickel-Titanium Systems - A Micro-CT Study.

Abstract: This study evaluated the efficiency of using a single instrument from three different rotary multi-file systems and compared them with that of a reciprocating single-file for endodontic retreatment by means of micro-CT. Sixty extracted canines were prepared using a size F2 ProTaper Universal file and obturated. After 30 days of storage at 37oC and 100% humidity, the teeth were randomly divided into four groups (n=15) based on the type of instrument used to retreatment: ProTaper Next (PTN), ProTaper Gold (PTG), TRUShape 3D (TS), and WaveOne (WO). The canals were retreated using only the size 40 instrument from each system according to the manufacturer's recommendations for torque and speed. The time required to remove the filling material was recorded in seconds. The amount of initial and residual filling material and the quantity of dentin removed were assessed by means of micro-CT. Data were statistically analyzed (ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis) at a 5% significance level. TS instruments required the highest (p<0.05) amount of time (mean, 384.80 ±144.92) compared with the WO (229.67±68.16) and PTG (248.67±64.22) and not so different from PTN instruments (327.67±133.3). No differences in the amount of dentin removed, initial and residual filling volume, and percentages of filling material were observed among the groups. The use of a single rotary instrument from the PTG, TS, and PTN systems was as effective as that of the single-file reciprocating WO system. However, none of the instruments was able to remove the filling materials completely.