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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

FMRP stalls ribosomal translocation on mRNAs linked to synaptic function and autism

TLDR
A brain polyribosome-programmed translation system is developed, revealing that FMRP reversibly stalls ribosomes specifically on its target mRNAs and suggests multiple targets for clinical intervention in FXS and ASD.
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This article is published in Cell.The article was published on 2011-07-22 and is currently open access. It has received 1861 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: FMR1 & RNA-binding protein.

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Synaptic, transcriptional and chromatin genes disrupted in autism

Silvia De Rubeis, +99 more
- 13 Nov 2014 - 
TL;DR: Using exome sequencing, it is shown that analysis of rare coding variation in 3,871 autism cases and 9,937 ancestry-matched or parental controls implicates 22 autosomal genes at a false discovery rate of < 0.05, plus a set of 107 genes strongly enriched for those likely to affect risk (FDR < 0.30).
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Ribosome Profiling of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Reveals the Complexity and Dynamics of Mammalian Proteomes

TL;DR: A suite of techniques, based on ribosome profiling, are presented to provide genome-wide maps of protein synthesis as well as a pulse-chase strategy for determining rates of translation elongation, revealing an unanticipated complexity to mammalian proteomes.
References
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(127) Decreased nociceptive sensitization in mice lacking the fragile X mental retardation protein: Role of mGluR1/5 and mTOR

TL;DR: Experiments show that translation regulation via FMRP and mTOR is an important feature of nociceptive plasticity, and support the hypothesis that the persistence of self-injurious behavior observed in fragile X mental retardation patients could be related to deficits in nocICEptive sensitization.
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G2Cdb: the Genes to Cognition database

TL;DR: The synapse proteome datasets that G2Cdb provides offer a basis for future work in synapse biology and provide useful information on brain diseases and investigators can rapidly query whether a gene or protein is found in brain-signalling complex, has a phenotype in rodent models or whether mutations are associated with a human disease.
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Translational control of ornithine aminotransferase. Modulation by initiation factor eIF-4E.

TL;DR: To examine the regulatory mechanisms in these cell lines, nuclear runoff experiments and characterized polysome-associated OAT mRNAs were performed and the nuclear runoff data did not reveal any differences in transcription between the two strains.
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Localization-dependent oskar protein accumulation; control after the initiation of translation.

TL;DR: Polysome analysis confirms that oskar mRNA is associated with polysomes even in the absence of localization of the mRNA or accumulation of Oskar protein, and the mechanisms that prevent accumulation of the protein until it can be secured at the posterior pole of the oocyte include regulated degradation or inhibition of translational elongation.
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Signals, synapses, and synthesis: how new proteins control plasticity.

TL;DR: Current research focuses on mechanisms whereby mRNAs are transported in a translationally repressed state from soma to distal process and are activated at synaptic sites in response to synaptic signals.
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