Abstract This paper integrates contributions coming from psychology with a phenomenological and semiotic perspective and focuses on the relationship of reciprocal constitution between “Subject” and “Object.” This relationship is evoked through radically different concepts such as the notions of “experience,” “consciousness” and “embodiment,” focusing attention on “discourse” as a macro-procedure generating the mutual link between Subject and Object. Therefore, the relationship between subject and object is identifiable through the text, namely “diatext.” It will be further argued that human beings act as “diatexters” of their existence in the world. Accordingly, psycho-discursive practices have the performative power to constitute both objects and subjects because they offer a creative solution by interlacing the “Body-Mind-Problem” to the “Mind-Culture-Problem.” In detail, the discursive resource granted by metaphors may be recognized as a modelling matrix embodying thought, as the interweaving of conceptual fields and as reasoning processes.

Problèmes de linguistique générale

A rose is more than a rose … the diatextual constitution of subjects and objects

Refletir sobre as relacoes entre cinema e realidade nao e, certamente, tentar distinguir o espaco do documentario daquele da ficcao, uma vez que a oposicao ao filme de ficcao tornouse o criterio de definicao privilegiado do filme documentario. Notando a existencia, no espaco de leitura dos filmes, de uma leitura documentaria ou, mais exatamente, de uma leitura documentarizante, pensamos que existe um conjunto de filmes que se mostram como documentario (todo o problema consiste precisamente em estudar como se efetua essa exibicao).

/pdf/filme-documentario-leitura-documentarizante-1zmbh56baa.pdf

Filme documentário, leitura documentarizante

The language acquisition procedure identifies certain properties of the target grammar before others. The evidence from the input is processed in a stepwise order. Section 1 equates that order and its typical effects with an order of parameter setting. The question is how the acquisition procedure derives the order from input evidence. Section 2 proposes a systematic input reduction for functional categories as the key; the reduction residue contains no more than a single nonacquired functional category that is first seen as an optional element only. If that functional category has turned into the most preferred option, the input reduction shifts its acquisition focus to the next functional category. Section 3 and 4 demonstrate how quantitative proportions within the child’s input reduction determine the underlying order as SOV in Dutch before the V-second shift for root sentences is derived. The child’s input reductions are claimed to follow from ignorance rather than from any a priori information. It is argued that parameters are formal properties of the grammatical system that originate as cultural discoveries made by a reflexive mind rather than being task-specific neural a prioris. Section 5 suggests that this view can be extended to syntactic islands.

Parameter setting and input reduction

L’imaginaire litteraire negro-africain s’est principalement preoccupe des violences successives qui ont secoue le continent africain. A titre d’exemple, l’apartheid predomine dans les œuvres sud-africaines ; la revolte des Mau-Mau au Kenya et les guerres de liberation au Mozambique et en Angola ont donne naissance a une litterature de combat ; les guerres secessionnistes au Nigeria et les conflits politiques au Soudan, au Tchad, au Liberia, en Sierra Leone, au Congo, etc. Sont la source d’une considerable production romanesque. Cependant, tout porte a croire que la violence est le corollaire de la misere, elle-meme etant le denominateur commun a un grand nombre de fictions litteraires. Les massacres genocidaires survenus au Rwanda en 1994 s’inscrivent-ils dans cette spirale de violence ? Parmi les ecrivains invites par Fest’Africa a « ecrire par devoir de memoire », figurent B. B. Diop, K. Lamko et T. Monenembo, dont les œuvres respectives, Murambi le livre des ossements, La Phalene des collines et L’Aine des orphelins, sont particulierement interessantes au niveau de la langue et du style. Les marques socioculturelles et linguistiques puisees dans le contexte rwandais offrent un nouveau visage a la litterature africaine. L’onomastique, les xenismes et les traits de l’oralite provenant du kinyarwanda sont entre autres les elements qui refletent la couleur locale des Grands Lacs. Les neologismes, la polysemisation du discours, le renouvellement des tours, etc. Auxquels s’ajoutent les images fortes, assaisonnent les recits dont le sujet, pourtant, ne s’apprete guere aux maneges stylistiques. Toutefois, les allusions a l’Holocauste sont la preuve que ces fictions s’inspirent de la litterature de la Shoah et permettent ainsi aux auteurs d’operer des rapprochements entre deux genocides separes par un demi-siecle.

Les violences extrêmes dans le roman négro-africain francophone : le cas du Rwanda : étude de langue et de style

The conservatism of modern Icelandic is a bromide so well worn that it is refreshing now and then to be reminded that Icelandic has in fact changed from that Old Norwegian which the settlers brought with them in the ninth century, and that it is not, in the words of a recent writer, ‘eine versteinerte Sprachform’ (Decsy 1973: 48). One striking change, which involves phonological, morphological, syntactic, and sociolinguistic problems, is that of the dual and plural pronouns of the first and second persons. Succinctly stated: ON vit ‘we’ dual and pit ‘you’ dual have become við ‘we’ plural and pið ‘you’ plural, while ON ver ‘we’ plural and per ‘you’ plural have become ‘we’ honorific and ‘you’ honorific. A systematic shift of meaning has affected both pronouns, eliminating the dual meaning in favor of the plural, and the plural in favor of the honorific singular.

Pronominal address in Icelandic: from you-two to you-all

Communication using symbols (such as words) structured with grammar

Problèmes de linguistique générale

Citations

A rose is more than a rose … the diatextual constitution of subjects and objects

Filme documentário, leitura documentarizante

Parameter setting and input reduction

Les violences extrêmes dans le roman négro-africain francophone : le cas du Rwanda : étude de langue et de style

Pronominal address in Icelandic: from you-two to you-all

Related Papers (5)

The Minimalist Program

Cours de linguistique générale

How to do things with words

Derivation by phase

Lectures on Government and Binding