Herodotus was the first great parent of discovery, as between nation and nation he was the author of mutual revelation. . . . He was the first general interpreter, the common dragoman to the general college of civilisation that now belted the Mediterranean, holding up, in a language already laying the foundations of universality, one comprehensive mirror, reflecting to them all the separate chorography, habits, institutions and religious systems of each. Thomas De Quincey, “The Philosophy of Herodotus,” 1853.122–23

background

Problèmes de linguistique générale

On Atomics Onomastic and Metarrhythmic Translations in Herodotus

Ce travail s’est construit en partant d’une declaration de Ferdinand de Saussure presentant le langage comme un « milieu intermediaire ». Ce propos de Saussure n’a d’abord existe que sous la forme orale, mais fut transcrit dans les notes de cours de ses auditeurs ; il figure finalement dans l’edition critique du Cours, due a Rudolf Engler (que l’on doit considerer comme le veritable editeur de Saussure). Librement inspire de la Genealogie de la morale de Nietzsche, cette etude poursuit le but d’enqueter genealogiquement sur les presupposes des principales ecoles linguistiques du 20eme siecle (neo-grammairiens, structuralisme, grammaire generative, fonctionnalisme, cognitivisme a la maniere de Rosch et Varela). L’enquete genealogique vise a montrer que la conception dite « theorie du reflet » a ses racines dans le pessimisme romantique. Ce nouveau positionnement devrait permettre d’elaborer une nouvelle orientation (justifiant la revendication d’une « fondation constitutive »), par le recours methodique a la phenomenologie ainsi qu’a l’outil de la Gestalt, issue de la psychologie de meme nom. Il faut voir le « milieu intermediaire » comme metaphore equivalente aux champs semantiques, ce qui conduit a integrer dans ce travail un examen critique des precurseurs dans cette voie que sont Jost Trier et Els Oksaar.

/pdf/fondation-constitutive-du-milieu-intermediaire-1efkmoiyv3.pdf

Fondation constitutive du milieu intermédiaire

What makes a speech act a speech act? Which are its necessary and sufficient conditions? I claim in this paper that we cannot find an answer to those questions in Austin’s doctrine of the infelicities, since some infelicities take place in fully committing speech acts, whereas others prevent the utterance from being considered as a speech act at all. With this qualification in mind, I argue against the idea that intentions—considered as mental states accomplishing a causal role in the performance of the act— should be considered among the necessary conditions of speech acts. I would thus like to deny a merely ‘symptomatic’ account of intentions, according to which we could never make anything but fallible hypotheses about the effective occurrence of any speech act. I propose an alternative ‘criterial’ account of the role of intentions in speech acts theory, and analyse Austin’s and Searle’s approaches in the light of this Wittgensteinian concept. Whether we consider, with Austin, that speech acts ‘imply’ mental states or, with Searle, that they ‘express’ them, we could only make sense of this idea if we considered utterances as criteria for intentions, and not as alleged behavioural effects of hidden mental causes.

/pdf/speech-acts-criteria-and-intentions-2cegjwe9ak.pdf

Speech acts, criteria and intentions

An essential property of natural language is its faculty of referring to itself. Speakers have a variety of means for commenting not only on what they are saying such as evaluative and modal adverbs- but also on their own speaking action. A certain group of adverbials, those 1 have been referring to as «enunciation adverbs», seems to have specialised in that function, namely modifying the illocutionary act. This study offers a description of the syntactic, semantic and pragmatic properties of the «enunciation or illocutionary adverbs». The enunciation adverbs class is delimited and described. The difficulties of classification caused by fuzzy edges between categories- are discussed. Likewise, taking into account the pragmatic and semantic identity of these adverbial forms, some reflexions are made about the communicative conditions that explain their occurrence.

/pdf/sobre-los-adverbios-enunciativos-espanoles-caracterizacion-3qdwbl4ky1.pdf

Sobre los adverbios enunciativos españoles. caracterización, clasificación y funciones pragmáticas y discursivas fundamentales

We propose an application for the automatic identification and categorization of quotations. The categorization is based on a semantic map of enunciative modalities. The texts are treated in three languages: Arabic, Korean and French.

methods

/pdf/direct-reported-speech-in-multilingual-texts-automatic-1sy17fqnsy.pdf

Direct Reported Speech in Multilingual Texts: Automatic Annotation and Semantic Categorization

Communication using symbols (such as words) structured with grammar

Problèmes de linguistique générale

Citations

On Atomics Onomastic and Metarrhythmic Translations in Herodotus

Fondation constitutive du milieu intermédiaire

Speech acts, criteria and intentions

Sobre los adverbios enunciativos españoles. caracterización, clasificación y funciones pragmáticas y discursivas fundamentales

Direct Reported Speech in Multilingual Texts: Automatic Annotation and Semantic Categorization

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