Introduction : Une importante litterature souligne la place privilegiee de la video et de sequences pedagogiques filmees dans le cadre des nouveaux dispositifs de formation et d’apprentissage mediatises : Khan Academy, xMooc, cMooc, Spoc, YouTube, classes inversees, etc. Les capsules video s’imposent en effet aujourd’hui comme la ressource pedagogique dominante et le media central de ces « nouveaux » dispositifs de formation. Leur schema canonique repose sur l’utilisation de courtes capsules...

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Problèmes de linguistique générale

Au centre des Mooc, les capsules vidéo : un renouveau de la télévision éducative ?

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University of Venice Working Papers in Linguistics

Le discours televisuel a propos de science est l'un des dispositifs qui participent a la circulation sociale des connaissances. Cette these apporte sa contribution a ce champ de recherche en articulant la semiotique de Ch. S. Peirce, son extension a l'analyse de discours et une reflexion sur les processus de vulgarisation. La thematique du cerveau, favorisant l'observation des representations de la rationalite, permet d'apporter un nouvel eclairage sur les modes de fonctionnement du discours televisuel a propos de science. Cette recherche ne s'inscrit en effet ni dans le paradigme de la traduction (la vulgarisation comme mediation culturelle), ni dans celui de la trahison (la vulgarisation comme entreprise de gestion de l'opinion par la technostructure). Elle pose par contre le discours televisuel a propos de science comme une production culturelle liee a des logiques institutionnelles, mais aussi a un ensemble de representations sociales. A partir d'un corpus d'emissions illustrant vingt ans de television, on a pu mettre a l'epreuve les deux principales hypotheses de cette recherche : • Une logique sociale de legitimation opere entre les institutions scientifiques et televisuelles : le discours televisuel a propos de science garde les traces d'une confrontation au cours de laquelle chacun de ces acteurs tente d'y inscrire son identite. Cette confrontation est un facteur d'evolution du discours. • Une matrice culturelle joue un role structurant sur le discours televisuel a propos de science : il s'agit du champ des representations de la rationalite. Cette matrice est un facteur de stabilisation du discours. On trouve ainsi des correspondances entre des fonctionnements institutionnels et la mise en forme des savoirs. Le discours televisuel a propos de science est aussi une reformulation des discours sur la rationalite. L'apport de la recherche a donc consiste a faire apparaitre une double dynamique sociale et textuelle.

https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007469/document

SCIENCE, TELEVISION ET RATIONALITE, Analyse du discours télévisuel à propos du cerveau

The identification of consistent classes of compounds has been an issue since the research of early Indian grammarians and more recently it has received new attention in the linguistic literature. Starting from Bisetto & Scalise’s proposal (2005), namely that compounds may be divided into three classes, each of which may contain both endocentric and exocentric complex words, we shall show that these classes are not discrete, but rather that they constitute the points of a continuum. We shall then test the behaviour of compounds belonging to these three classes in fusional languages from the Standard Average European area and in languages from the East and SouthEast Asian region, namely Chinese (isolating) and Japanese (agglutinating), to provide an example from each major morphological type. Our findings are that Bisetto & Scalise’s attributive / appositive (henceforth ATAP) compounds and subordinate (henceforth SUB) compounds apparently behave similarly in different languages, but having a phrasal constituent is possibly a unique property of subordinate compounds. As far as coordinate (henceforth CO) compounds are concerned, we shall argue that two subclasses of coordinating compounds should be distinguished, namely “hyperonymic” and “hyponymic” compounds, as they behave in a rather different way * . 1. Theoretical premises: the classification of compounds The classification of compound words in the world’s languages has received new attention in the past few years. Traditionally, compound classifications were mainly based on the distinction of Sanskrit compounds in (at least) three categories: dvandva, tatpuruṣa and bahuvrihi (cf. e.g. Bloomfield 1933; Benveniste 1974 (1967), among others). Roughly, for dvandva compounds the meaning of the whole is simply the sum of the meanings of the two parts (Eng. Alsace-Lorraine); in tatpuruṣa compounds the two members are in a dependency or modification relation (Eng. love story); finally, bahuvrihi compounds refer to an entity which is not designated by any of the members (Eng. redskin), and correspond to what we would call, in modern terms, exocentric compounds. As already pointed out by Bisetto & Scalise (2005), an unsatisfactory aspect of this classification, and of those which are based on it, is that it does not clearly distinguish semantic and grammatical criteria, such as the relation between the two members from headedness, that is the endocentric

Hierarchical NN compounds in a cross-linguistic perspective

The study finds, supports and explores some of the uncertainties surrounding the core of the concept of communicative instance. Examine joints concept and try articulating it as a useful tool in understanding, describing and explaining the phenomenon of communication. Method is one meta-analytical. The main conclusion that emerges from draining and dropping the halo of doubt and uncertainty is the principle of communicative instance: within each communicative event occurs and remain an instance of communication, understood as a mutual computational and decisional human device of co-building, co-organization, co-implementation and co-management of communication processes.

/pdf/drainage-of-some-areas-of-uncertainty-in-the-field-of-3rp5wcq29u.pdf

Drainage of some areas of uncertainty in the field of communicative instance concept

Communication using symbols (such as words) structured with grammar

Problèmes de linguistique générale

Citations

Au centre des Mooc, les capsules vidéo : un renouveau de la télévision éducative ?

University of Venice Working Papers in Linguistics

SCIENCE, TELEVISION ET RATIONALITE, Analyse du discours télévisuel à propos du cerveau

Hierarchical NN compounds in a cross-linguistic perspective

Drainage of some areas of uncertainty in the field of communicative instance concept

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