Toyota

About: Toyota is a company organization based out in Safenwil, Switzerland. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Internal combustion engine & Battery (electricity). The organization has 40032 authors who have published 55003 publications receiving 735317 citations. The organization is also known as: Toyota Motor Corporation & Toyota Jidosha KK.

Efficient Certificate Revocation List Organization and Distribution

Abstract: In this paper, we propose a lightweight mechanism for revoking security certificates that is appropriate for the limited bandwidth and hardware cost constraints of a VANET. A Certificate Authority (CA) issues certificates to trusted nodes, i.e., vehicles. If the CA looses trust in a vehicle (e.g., due to evidence of malfunction or malicious behavior), the CA must promptly revoke the certificates of the distrusted vehicle. To distribute revocation information quickly even during incremental deployment, we propose that CAs use Certificate Revocation Lists (CRLs). The CRL should be composed in a secure manner, and it should be exchanged in a way such that the CRL is both quickly and widely distributed. We previously proposed a mechanism for the quick distribution of CRL updates that also covers a wide area by using vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication . In this paper, we additionally investigate the performance of V2V communication in partial deployment scenarios, that is, where only a certain percentage of vehicles are equipped with VANET radios. We provide simulation results that show our V2V exchange mechanism is quicker than distributing CRLs or CRL updates through road-side units (RSUs) alone. However, this revocation process, which involves both the CA and vehicles, must conform to the aforementioned bandwidth and hardware restrictions. In this paper, we present mechanisms that achieve the goals of reduced CRL size, a computationally efficient mechanism for determining if a certificate is on the CRL, and a lightweight mechanism for exchanging CRL updates. Additionally, we expand on our previous work to provide privacy to revoked vehicles prior to their revocation.

Baggage receiving and handling method in airport, baggage receiving and handling system in airport, and baggage automatic handling apparatus

Abstract: Baggage receiving and handling method in airport, its system and baggage automatic handling apparatus, wherein reservation information of a user is stored and retrieved when the user comes in the airport to issue a boarding pass if the reservation information made certain to be correct and a tag recording the baggage number therein for the baggage, the baggage number enabling retrieval based on the boarding pass number, the baggage attached with the tag is accepted. The baggage separated from the passenger is subject to a security check. If there is a rejection as a result of the baggage security check, the passenger in having a passenger security check dissolves the cause of rejection. Only the baggage of the passenger who finished the passenger security check is sorted via a sorting conveyer according to airplanes and loaded thereon.

Production mechanism and global budget of N2O inferred from its isotopomers in the western North Pacific

Abstract: [1] We measured the intramolecular distribution of 15N as well as conventional nitrogen and oxygen isotope ratios in oceanic nitrous oxide (N2O) in the western North Pacific for the first time. In contrast to a nearly homogeneous vertical distribution of a bulk nitrogen isotope ratio, a wide variation in site preference for intramolecular 15N distribution was found, suggesting the subsurface and deep source mixing and the production mechanism in the ocean. The oceanic composition of N2O isotopomers quantitatively outlines the ocean as the most significant source after the terrestrial one.

Process for producing a semiconductor device having a single thermal oxidizing step

Abstract: A semiconductor device, which has an oxide laver with the thickness thereof being varied from portion to portion of the inner surface of a trench and can be easily produced, and a process of producing the same. An n+ type single crystal SiC substrate is formed of SiC of hexagonal system having a carbon face with a (0001) face orientation as a surface, and an n type epitaxial layer and a p type epitaxial layer are successively laminated onto the substrate. An n+ source region is provided within the p type epitaxial layer, and the trench extends through the source region and the epitaxial layer into the semiconductor substrate. The side face of the trench is almost perpendicular to the surface of the epitaxial layer with the bottom face of the trench having a plane parallel to the surface of the epitaxial layer. The thickness of a gate oxide layer, formed by thermal oxidation, on the bottom face of the trench is larger than the thickness of the gate oxide layer on the side face of the trench. A gate electrode layer is provided on the surface of the oxide layer, formed by thermal oxidation, within the trench, a source electrode layer is provided on the epitaxial layer and the source region, and a drain electrode layer is provided on the back surface of the semiconductor substrate.

Alignment of skeletal muscle myoblasts and myotubes using linear micropatterned surfaces ground with abrasives

Abstract: Alignment of cells plays a significant key role in skeletal muscle tissue engineering because skeletal muscle tissue in vivo has a highly organized structure consisting of long parallel multinucleated myotubes formed through differentiation and fusion of myoblasts. In the present study, we developed an easy, simple, and low-cost method for aligning skeletal muscle cells by using surfaces with linear microscale features fabricated by grinding. Iron blocks were ground in one direction with three kinds of abrasives (9 microm diamond suspension, #400 sandpaper, and #150 sandpaper) and then used as molds to make micropatterned polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrates (type I, type II, and type III). Observation of the surface topography revealed that the PDMS substrates exhibited different degree of mean roughness (Ra), 0.03 microm for type I, 0.16 microm for type II, and 0.56 microm for type III, respectively. Murine skeletal muscle cell line C2C12 myoblasts were cultured and differentiated on the patterned PDMS substrates, and it was examined whether the alignment of C2C12 myoblasts and myotubes was possible. Although the cell growth and differentiation on the three types of patterned substrates were similar to those on the flat PDMS substrate as a control, the alignment of both C2C12 myoblasts and myotubes was obviously observed on types II and III, but not on type I or the control substrate. These results indicate that surfaces ground with abrasives will be useful for fabricating aligned skeletal muscle tissues.