Exosomes: composition, biogenesis, and mechanisms in cancer metastasis and drug resistance
Ladan Mashouri,Hassan Yousefi,Amir Reza Aref,Ali Mohammad Ahadi,Fatemeh Molaei,Suresh K. Alahari +5 more
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TLDR
Understanding exosome biogenesis, their contents and the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways that are responsible for metastasis and drug-resistance mediated by TDEs may help to devise novel therapeutic approaches for cancer progression particularly to overcome therapy-res resistance and preventing metastasis as major factors of cancer mortality.Abstract:
Tumor-derived exosomes (TDEs) participate in formation and progression of different cancer processes, including tumor microenvironment (TME) remodeling, angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis and drug-resistance. Exosomes initiate or suppress various signaling pathways in the recipient cells via transmitting heterogeneous cargoes. In this review we discuss exosome biogenesis, exosome mediated metastasis and chemoresistance. Furthermore, tumor derived exosomes role in tumor microenvironment remodeling, and angiogenesis is reviewed. Also, exosome induction of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) is highlighted. More importantly, we discuss extensively how exosomes regulate drug resistance in several cancers. Thus, understanding exosome biogenesis, their contents and the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways that are responsible for metastasis and drug-resistance mediated by TDEs may help to devise novel therapeutic approaches for cancer progression particularly to overcome therapy-resistance and preventing metastasis as major factors of cancer mortality.read more
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The exosome journey: from biogenesis to uptake and intracellular signalling.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors summarized the most up-to-date know-kedge about the complex biological journey of exosomes from biogenesis and secretion, transport and uptake to their intracellular signalling.
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Application of exosomes as liquid biopsy in clinical diagnosis.
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Exosomes promote pre-metastatic niche formation in ovarian cancer
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TL;DR: This review highlights the emerging roles of ovarian cancer exosomes as coordinators of pre-metastatic niche formation, biomarkers amenable to liquid biopsy, and targets of chemotherapy.
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Mesenchymal stem cell derived-exosomes: a modern approach in translational medicine.
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The biology, function, and applications of exosomes in cancer
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TL;DR: Exosomes in liquid biopsies can be used as non-invasive biomarkers for early detection and diagnosis of cancers.
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