Institution
University of Rennes
Education•Rennes, France•
About: University of Rennes is a education organization based out in Rennes, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Catalysis. The organization has 18404 authors who have published 40374 publications receiving 995327 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
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TL;DR: This review brings you up-to-date with the hepatocyte research on in vitro–in vivo correlations of metabolism and clearance, the function and regulation of hepatic transporters and models used to elucidate their role in drug clearance, mechanisms and examples of idiosyncratic and intrinsic hepatotoxicity.
Abstract: This review brings you up-to-date with the hepatocyte research on: 1) in vitro-in vivo correlations of metabolism and clearance; 2) CYP enzyme induction, regulation, and cross-talk using human hepatocytes and hepatocyte-like cell lines; 3) the function and regulation of hepatic transporters and models used to elucidate their role in drug clearance; 4) mechanisms and examples of idiosyncratic and intrinsic hepatotoxicity; and 5) alternative cell systems to primary human hepatocytes. We also report pharmaceutical perspectives of these topics and compare methods and interpretations for the drug development process.
706 citations
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TL;DR: An update on the current knowledge of the oral microbiome in health and disease is given and implications for modern-day oral healthcare are discussed.
Abstract: For millions of years, our resident microbes have coevolved and coexisted with us in a mostly harmonious symbiotic relationship. We are not distinct entities from our microbiome, but together we form a 'superorganism' or holobiont, with the microbiome playing a significant role in our physiology and health. The mouth houses the second most diverse microbial community in the body, harbouring over 700 species of bacteria that colonise the hard surfaces of teeth and the soft tissues of the oral mucosa. Through recent advances in technology, we have started to unravel the complexities of the oral microbiome and gained new insights into its role during both health and disease. Perturbations of the oral microbiome through modern-day lifestyles can have detrimental consequences for our general and oral health. In dysbiosis, the finely-tuned equilibrium of the oral ecosystem is disrupted, allowing disease-promoting bacteria to manifest and cause conditions such as caries, gingivitis and periodontitis. For practitioners and patients alike, promoting a balanced microbiome is therefore important to effectively maintain or restore oral health. This article aims to give an update on our current knowledge of the oral microbiome in health and disease and to discuss implications for modern-day oral healthcare.
706 citations
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Bilkent University1, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center2, SRI International3, Université libre de Bruxelles4, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research5, New York University6, National Institutes of Health7, National Autonomous University of Mexico8, Boston University9, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory10, Johns Hopkins University11, University of Toronto12, Rothamsted Research13, University of Rennes14, Cell Signaling Technology15, Broad Institute16, Food and Drug Administration17, Virginia Tech18, Oregon Health & Science University19, United States Environmental Protection Agency20, Argonne National Laboratory21, University of Connecticut22, Harvard University23, National Institute of Standards and Technology24, University of Cambridge25, Konrad Lorenz Institute for Evolution and Cognition Research26, National University of Ireland, Galway27, Maastricht University28, University of Auckland29, Syngenta30, Stanford University31, Yale University32, Loyola Marymount University33, St. John's University34, Columbia University35, SRA International36, Novartis37, University of Ottawa38, Vertex Pharmaceuticals39, Medical College of Wisconsin40, Gladstone Institutes41, Cornell University42, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company43, University of Chicago44, Total S.A.45, Kyoto University46, California Institute of Technology47
TL;DR: Thousands of interactions, organized into thousands of pathways, from many organisms are available from a growing number of databases, and this large amount of pathway data in a computable form will support visualization, analysis and biological discovery.
Abstract: Biological Pathway Exchange (BioPAX) is a standard language to represent biological pathways at the molecular and cellular level and to facilitate the exchange of pathway data. The rapid growth of the volume of pathway data has spurred the development of databases and computational tools to aid interpretation; however, use of these data is hampered by the current fragmentation of pathway information across many databases with incompatible formats. BioPAX, which was created through a community process, solves this problem by making pathway data substantially easier to collect, index, interpret and share. BioPAX can represent metabolic and signaling pathways, molecular and genetic interactions and gene regulation networks. Using BioPAX, millions of interactions, organized into thousands of pathways, from many organisms are available from a growing number of databases. This large amount of pathway data in a computable form will support visualization, analysis and biological discovery.
673 citations
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TL;DR: It is shown that cyclical methylation and demethylation of CpG dinucleotides, with a periodicity of around 100 min, is characteristic for five selected promoters, including the oestrogen (E2)-responsive pS2 gene, in human cells.
Abstract: Methylation of CpG dinucleotides is generally associated with epigenetic silencing of transcription and is maintained through cellular division. Multiple CpG sequences are rare in mammalian genomes, but frequently occur at the transcriptional start site of active genes, with most clusters of CpGs being hypomethylated. We reported previously that the proximal region of the trefoil factor 1 (TFF1, also known as pS2) and oestrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) promoters could be partially methylated by treatment with deacetylase inhibitors, suggesting the possibility of dynamic changes in DNA methylation. Here we show that cyclical methylation and demethylation of CpG dinucleotides, with a periodicity of around 100 min, is characteristic for five selected promoters, including the oestrogen (E2)-responsive pS2 gene, in human cells. When the pS2 gene is actively transcribed, DNA methylation occurs after the cyclical occupancy of ERalpha and RNA polymerase II (polII). Moreover, we report conditions that provoke methylation cycling of the pS2 promoter in cell lines in which pS2 expression is quiescent and the proximal promoter is methylated. This coincides with a low-level re-expression of ERalpha and of pS2 transcripts.
669 citations
University of Oxford1, Broad Institute2, University of Bern3, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology4, Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute5, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute6, University of Konstanz7, Agency for Science, Technology and Research8, Reed College9, Stanford University10, California Institute of Technology11, Benaroya Research Institute12, University of Rennes13, Georgia Institute of Technology14, University of Maryland, College Park15, University of Basel16, University of Texas at Austin17, Tokyo Institute of Technology18, National Museum of Natural History19, University of Stirling20, Carnegie Institution for Science21, National Cheng Kung University22, Science for Life Laboratory23, Norwich University24
TL;DR: It is concluded that a number of molecular mechanisms shaped East African cichlid genomes, and that amassing of standing variation during periods of relaxed purifying selection may have been important in facilitating subsequent evolutionary diversification.
Abstract: Cichlid fishes are famous for large, diverse and replicated adaptive radiations in the Great Lakes of East Africa. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying cichlid phenotypic diversity, we sequenced the genomes and transcriptomes of five lineages of African cichlids: the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), an ancestral lineage with low diversity; and four members of the East African lineage: Neolamprologus brichardi/pulcher (older radiation, Lake Tanganyika), Metriaclima zebra (recent radiation, Lake Malawi), Pundamilia nyererei (very recent radiation, Lake Victoria), and Astatotilapia burtoni (riverine species around Lake Tanganyika). We found an excess of gene duplications in the East African lineage compared to tilapia and other teleosts, an abundance of non-coding element divergence, accelerated coding sequence evolution, expression divergence associated with transposable element insertions, and regulation by novel microRNAs. In addition, we analysed sequence data from sixty individuals representing six closely related species from Lake Victoria, and show genome-wide diversifying selection on coding and regulatory variants, some of which were recruited from ancient polymorphisms. We conclude that a number of molecular mechanisms shaped East African cichlid genomes, and that amassing of standing variation during periods of relaxed purifying selection may have been important in facilitating subsequent evolutionary diversification.
666 citations
Authors
Showing all 18470 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Philippe Froguel | 166 | 820 | 118816 |
Bart Staels | 152 | 824 | 86638 |
Yi Yang | 143 | 2456 | 92268 |
Geoffrey Burnstock | 141 | 1488 | 99525 |
Shahrokh F. Shariat | 118 | 1637 | 58900 |
Lutz Ackermann | 116 | 669 | 45066 |
Douglas R. MacFarlane | 110 | 864 | 54236 |
Elliott H. Lieb | 107 | 512 | 57920 |
Fu-Yuan Wu | 107 | 367 | 42039 |
Didier Sornette | 104 | 1295 | 44157 |
Stefan Hild | 103 | 452 | 68228 |
Pierre I. Karakiewicz | 101 | 1207 | 40072 |
Philippe Dubois | 101 | 1098 | 48086 |
François Bondu | 100 | 440 | 69284 |
Jean-Michel Savéant | 98 | 517 | 33518 |