Extinction risk from climate change
Chris D. Thomas,Alison Cameron,Rhys E. Green,Rhys E. Green,Michel Bakkenes,Linda J. Beaumont,Yvonne C. Collingham,Barend F.N. Erasmus,Marinez Ferreira de Siqueira,Alan Grainger,Lee Hannah,Lesley Hughes,Brian Huntley,Albert S. van Jaarsveld,Guy F. Midgley,Lera Miles,Lera Miles,Miguel A. Ortega-Huerta,A. Townsend Peterson,Oliver L. Phillips,Stephen E. Williams +20 more
TLDR
Estimates of extinction risks for sample regions that cover some 20% of the Earth's terrestrial surface show the importance of rapid implementation of technologies to decrease greenhouse gas emissions and strategies for carbon sequestration.Abstract:
Climate change over the past approximately 30 years has produced numerous shifts in the distributions and abundances of species and has been implicated in one species-level extinction. Using projections of species' distributions for future climate scenarios, we assess extinction risks for sample regions that cover some 20% of the Earth's terrestrial surface. Exploring three approaches in which the estimated probability of extinction shows a power-law relationship with geographical range size, we predict, on the basis of mid-range climate-warming scenarios for 2050, that 15-37% of species in our sample of regions and taxa will be 'committed to extinction'. When the average of the three methods and two dispersal scenarios is taken, minimal climate-warming scenarios produce lower projections of species committed to extinction ( approximately 18%) than mid-range ( approximately 24%) and maximum-change ( approximately 35%) scenarios. These estimates show the importance of rapid implementation of technologies to decrease greenhouse gas emissions and strategies for carbon sequestration.read more
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Climatic water deficit, tree species ranges, and climate change in Yosemite National Park
TL;DR: In this article, the authors calculated the water balance within Yosemite National Park using a modified Thornthwaite-type method and correlated AET and Deficit with tree species distribution.
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Plasma Membrane Cyclic Nucleotide Gated Calcium Channels Control Land Plant Thermal Sensing and Acquired Thermotolerance
Andrija Finka,America Farinia Henriquez Cuendet,Frans J. M. Maathuis,Younousse Saidi,Younousse Saidi,Pierre Goloubinoff +5 more
TL;DR: This work examines the role of cyclic nucleotide gated Ca2+ channels in acquired thermotolerance in moss and seed plants, finding that thermo-responsive channels in the plasma membrane act as thermosensors that signal for the accumulation of molecular defenses, heat shock proteins in particular, setting up a transient response for thermoprotection.
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Life-history trade-offs influence disease in changing climates: strategies of an amphibian pathogen
Douglas C. Woodhams,Ross A. Alford,Cheryl J. Briggs,Megan L. Johnson,Louise A. Rollins-Smith +4 more
TL;DR: It is shown that the amphibian chytrid responds to decreasing temperatures with trade-offs that increase fecundity as maturation rate slows and increase infectivity as growth decreases, which help to explain why it is so successful in cold montane environments.
Journal ArticleDOI
Future effects of climate and land-use change on terrestrial vertebrate community diversity under different scenarios.
TL;DR: It is predicted that climate-change effects are likely to become a major pressure on biodiversity in the coming decades, probably matching or exceeding the effects of land-use change by 2070.
Journal ArticleDOI
Climate change, plant migration, and range collapse in a global biodiversity hotspot: the Banksia (Proteaceae) of Western Australia
TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented a first assessment of the potential impact of climate change on a global biodiversity hotspot in southwestern Western Australia, and simulated migration of 100 Banksia (Proteaceae) species at a rate of 5 km decade -1 and compared projected impacts with those under the commonly applied, but acknowledged as inadequate, assumptions of.
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