Extinction risk from climate change
Chris D. Thomas,Alison Cameron,Rhys E. Green,Rhys E. Green,Michel Bakkenes,Linda J. Beaumont,Yvonne C. Collingham,Barend F.N. Erasmus,Marinez Ferreira de Siqueira,Alan Grainger,Lee Hannah,Lesley Hughes,Brian Huntley,Albert S. van Jaarsveld,Guy F. Midgley,Lera Miles,Lera Miles,Miguel A. Ortega-Huerta,A. Townsend Peterson,Oliver L. Phillips,Stephen E. Williams +20 more
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TLDR
Estimates of extinction risks for sample regions that cover some 20% of the Earth's terrestrial surface show the importance of rapid implementation of technologies to decrease greenhouse gas emissions and strategies for carbon sequestration.Abstract:
Climate change over the past approximately 30 years has produced numerous shifts in the distributions and abundances of species and has been implicated in one species-level extinction. Using projections of species' distributions for future climate scenarios, we assess extinction risks for sample regions that cover some 20% of the Earth's terrestrial surface. Exploring three approaches in which the estimated probability of extinction shows a power-law relationship with geographical range size, we predict, on the basis of mid-range climate-warming scenarios for 2050, that 15-37% of species in our sample of regions and taxa will be 'committed to extinction'. When the average of the three methods and two dispersal scenarios is taken, minimal climate-warming scenarios produce lower projections of species committed to extinction ( approximately 18%) than mid-range ( approximately 24%) and maximum-change ( approximately 35%) scenarios. These estimates show the importance of rapid implementation of technologies to decrease greenhouse gas emissions and strategies for carbon sequestration.read more
Citations
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Projecting global marine biodiversity impacts under climate change scenarios
William W. L. Cheung,Vicky W. Y. Lam,Jorge L. Sarmiento,Kelly A. Kearney,Reg Watson,Daniel Pauly +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the global patterns of such impacts by projecting the distributional ranges of a sample of 1066 exploited marine fish and invertebrates for 2050 using a newly developed dynamic bioclimate envelope model.
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Spatial structure often inhibits the evolution of cooperation in the snowdrift game
Christoph Hauert,Michael Doebeli +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that spatial structure reduces the proportion of cooperators for a wide range of parameters in unstructured snowdrift games, and in particular, spatial structure eliminates cooperation if the cost-to-benefit ratio of cooperation is high.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effectiveness of the global protected area network in representing species diversity
Ana S. L. Rodrigues,Sandy J. Andelman,Mohamed I. Bakarr,Luigi Boitani,Thomas M. Brooks,Richard M. Cowling,Lincoln Fishpool,Gustavo A. B. da Fonseca,Gustavo A. B. da Fonseca,Kevin J. Gaston,Michael R. Hoffmann,Janice S. Long,Pablo A. Marquet,John D. Pilgrim,Robert L. Pressey,Jan Schipper,Wes Sechrest,Simon N. Stuart,Les G. Underhill,Robert W. Waller,Matthew E. Watts,Xie Yan +21 more
TL;DR: It is shown that the global network of protected areas is far from complete, and the inadequacy of uniform—that is, ‘one size fits all’—conservation targets is demonstrated, in the first global gap analysis assessing the effectiveness ofprotected areas in representing species diversity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Running to stand still: adaptation and the response of plants to rapid climate change.
Alistair S. Jump,Josep Peñuelas +1 more
TL;DR: The importance of adaptation in the response of plant species to past climate change has been questioned as mentioned in this paper, and the authors of this paper review recent work that has documented climate-related genetic diversity within populations or on the microgeographical scale.
Journal ArticleDOI
How will oil palm expansion affect biodiversity
Emily Fitzherbert,Matthew J. Struebig,Alexandra C. Morel,Finn Danielsen,Carsten A. Brühl,Paul F. Donald,Ben Phalan +6 more
TL;DR: Large biodiversity losses will only be averted if future oil palm expansion is managed to avoid deforestation, and strong overlap between areas suitable for oil palm and those of most importance for biodiversity is reviewed.
References
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