Ching-Chow Chen

TL;DR: These guidelines are presented for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes.

TL;DR: The role of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) p44/42 and p38 in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW 264.7 macrophages was studied further.

TL;DR: It is shown that Akt is activated and translocated to the nucleus in response to tumor necrosis factor alpha and acetylation is attributed to the Akt-enhanced intrinsic histone acetyltransferase activity of p300 and its association with another HAT, p/CAF.

TL;DR: The results suggested that AP-1 seems to play a more significant role than NF-kappaB in the flavonoid-induced ICAM-1 inhibition, and the inhibitory effects of apigenin and luteolin on IC AM-1 expression are mediated by the sequential attenuation of the three MAPKs activities, the c-fos and c-jun mRNA expressions, the AP- 1 transcriptional activity.

TL;DR: ER stress due either to expression of viral surface proteins or drugs can stimulate the expression of COX-2 through the NF-κB and pp38 kinase pathways, providing important insights into cellular carcinogenesis associated with latent endoplasmic reticulum stress.