Hiroyuki Ishida

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macro-autophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes.

TL;DR: These guidelines are presented for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes.

TL;DR: It is concluded that Rubisco and stroma-targeted fluorescent proteins can be mobilized to the vacuole through an ATG gene-dependent autophagic process without prior chloroplast destruction.

TL;DR: Chloroplasts contain approximately 80% of total leaf nitrogen and represent a major source of recycled nitrogen during leaf senescence and direct evidence of chloroplast transportation into the vacuole is provided and demonstrated in living cells and living cells.

TL;DR: Immunocytochemical electron-microscopic observation and Ultrastructural analysis suggest that RCBs might be involved in the degradation process of Rubisco outside of chloroplasts during leaf senescence.