Michael Schramm

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a set of guidelines for investigators to select and interpret methods to examine autophagy and related processes, and for reviewers to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of reports that are focused on these processes.

TL;DR: A brief introduction to ROS and their sources in macrophages is given, the versatile roles of ROS in direct and indirect antimicrobial immune defense are summarized, and an overview of commonly used ROS probes, scavengers and inhibitors are provided.

TL;DR: A model suggesting that ASMase regulates select vesicular fusion processes by modifying the steric conformation of cellular membranes is provided.

TL;DR: It is reported that CD8+ T cells from acid sphingomyelinase-deficient (ASMase)-deficient mice are defective in exocytosis of cytolytic effector molecules; this defect resulted in attenuated cytotoxic activity of ASMase-KO CD8 + T cells and delayed elimination of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus from ASMases-KO mice.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that L.m. infection of macrophages in vivo exclusively evokes LC3-associated phagocytosis (LAP), but not canonical autophagy, and that targeting of L. m.