The dynamics of autophagy visualized in live cells: from autophagosome formation to fusion with endo/lysosomes.
Edward T. W. Bampton,Christoph G. Goemans,Dhevahi Niranjan,Noboru Mizushima,Aviva M. Tolkovsky +4 more
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Use of fluorescent LC3 and a counterfluorescent endosomal/lysosomal protein clearly allows the entire autophagic process to be followed by live cell imaging with high fidelity, and reveals novel insights into the dynamics of autophagosome homeostasis.Abstract:
Autophagy has been implicated in a range of disorders and hence is of major interest. However, imaging autophagy in real time has been hampered by lack of suitable markers. We have compared the pot...read more
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Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (3rd edition)
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Lee,Sug Hyung Lee,Sung Sik Lee,Sung Joon Lee,Sunhee Lee,Ying-Ray Lee,Yong J. Lee,Young H. Lee,Christiaan Leeuwenburgh,Sylvain Lefort,Renaud Legouis,Jinzhi Lei,Qun-Ying Lei,David A. Leib,Gil Leibowitz,Istvan Lekli,Stéphane D. Lemaire,John J. Lemasters,Marius K. Lemberg,Antoinette Lemoine,Shuilong Leng,Guido Lenz,Paola Lenzi,Lilach O. Lerman,Daniele Lettieri Barbato,Julia I-Ju Leu,Hing Y. Leung,Beth Levine,Beth Levine,Patrick A. Lewis,Patrick A. Lewis,Frank Lezoualc'h,Chi Li,Faqiang Li,Feng Jun Li,Jun Li,Ke Li,Lian Li,Min Li,Min Li,Qiang Li,Rui Li,Sheng Li,Wei Li,Wei Li,Xiaotao Li,Yumin Li,Jiqin Lian,Chengyu Liang,Qiangrong Liang,Yulin Liao,Joana Liberal,Pawel P. Liberski,Pearl P.Y. Lie,Andrew P. Lieberman,Hyunjung Jade Lim,Kah-Leong Lim,Kyu Lim,Raquel T. Lima,Chang-Shen Lin,Chang-Shen Lin,Chiou Feng Lin,Fang Lin,Fangming Lin,Fu-Cheng Lin,Kui Lin,Kwang-Huei Lin,Pei-Hui Lin,Tianwei Lin,Wan-Wan Lin,Yee Shin Lin,Yong Lin,Rafael Linden,Dan Lindholm,Lisa M Lindqvist,Paul Lingor,Andreas Linkermann,Lance A. Liotta,Marta M. Lipinski,Vitor A. Lira,Michael P. Lisanti,Paloma B. Liton,Bo Liu,Chong Liu,Chun-Feng Liu,Fei Liu,Hung-Jen Liu,Jian-Xun Liu,Jingjing Liu,Jing Lan Liu,Ke Liu,Leyuan Liu,Liang Liu,Quentin Liu,Rong Yu Liu,Shiming Liu,Shuwen Liu,Wei Liu,Xian De Liu,Xiangguo Liu,Xiao Hong Liu,Xinfeng Liu,Xu Liu,Xueqin Liu,Yang Liu,Yule Liu,Zexian Liu,Zhe Liu,Juan P. Liuzzi,Gérard Lizard,Mila Ljujic,Irfan J. Lodhi,Susan E. Logue,Balakrishna L. Lokeshwar,Yun Chau Long,Sagar Lonial,Benjamin Loos,Carlos López-Otín,Cristina López-Vicario,Mar Lorente,Philip L. Lorenzi,Péter Lõrincz,Marek Los,Michael T. Lotze,Penny E. Lovat,Binfeng Lu,Bo Lu,Jia-Hong Lu,Qing Lu,She Min Lu,Shuyan Lu,Yingying Lu,Frederic Luciano,Shirley Luckhart,John M. Lucocq,Paula Ludovico,Aurelia Lugea,Nicholas W. Lukacs,Julian J. Lum,Anders H. Lund,Honglin Luo,Jia Luo,Shouqing Luo,Claudio Luparello,Timothy J. Lyons,Jianjie Ma,Yi Ma,Yong Ma,Zhenyi Ma,Juliano Machado,Gláucia Maria Machado-Santelli,Fernando Macian,Gustavo C. MacIntosh,Jeffrey P. MacKeigan,Kay F. Macleod,John D. MacMicking,Lee Ann MacMillan-Crow,Frank Madeo,Muniswamy Madesh,Julio Madrigal-Matute,Akiko Maeda,Tatsuya Maeda,Gustavo Maegawa,Emilia Maellaro,Hannelore Maes,Marta Magariños,Kenneth Maiese,Tapas K. Maiti,Luigi Maiuri,Maria Chiara Maiuri,Carl G. Maki,Roland Malli,Walter Malorni,Alina Maloyan,Fathia Mami-Chouaib,Na Man,Na Man,Joseph D. Mancias,Eva Maria Mandelkow,Michael A. Mandell,Angelo A. Manfredi,Serge N. Manié,Claudia Manzoni,Claudia Manzoni,Kai Mao,Zixu Mao,Zong Wan Mao,Philippe Marambaud,Anna Maria Marconi,Zvonimir Marelja,Gabriella Marfe,Marta Margeta,Éva Margittai,Muriel Mari,Francesca V. Mariani,Concepcio Marin,Sara Marinelli,Guillermo Mariño,Ivanka Markovic,Rebecca T. Marquez,Alberto M. Martelli,Sascha Martens,Katie R. Martin,Seamus J. Martin,Shaun Martin,Miguel A. Martín-Acebes,Paloma Martín-Sanz,Camille Martinand-Mari,Wim Martinet,Jennifer Martinez,Nuria Martinez-Lopez,Ubaldo E. Martinez-Outschoorn,Moisés Martínez-Velázquez,Marta Martinez-Vicente,Waleska Kerllen Martins,Hirosato Mashima,James A. Mastrianni,Giuseppe Matarese,Paola Matarrese,Roberto Mateo,Satoaki Matoba,Naomichi Matsumoto,Takehiko Matsushita,Akira Matsuura,Takeshi Matsuzawa,Mark P. Mattson,Soledad Matus,Norma Maugeri,Caroline Mauvezin,Andreas Mayer,Dusica Maysinger,Guillermo Mazzolini,Mary Kate McBrayer,Kimberly McCall,Craig McCormick,Gerald M. McInerney,Skye C. McIver,Sharon L. McKenna,John J. McMahon,Iain A. McNeish,Fatima Mechta-Grigoriou,Jan Paul Medema,Diego L. Medina,Klára Megyeri,Maryam Mehrpour,Jawahar L. Mehta,Yide Mei,Ute C. Meier,Alfred J. Meijer,Alicia Meléndez,Gerry Melino,Sonia Melino,Edésio José Tenório de Melo,Maria Angeles Mena,Marc D. Meneghini,Javier A. Menendez,Regina Menezes,Liesu Meng,Linghua Meng,Songshu Meng,Rossella Menghini,A. Sue Menko,Rubem F. S. Menna-Barreto,Manoj B. Menon,Marco Antonio Meraz-Ríos,Giuseppe Merla,Luciano Merlini,Angelica M. Merlot,Andreas Meryk,Stefania Meschini,Joel N. Meyer,Man Tian Mi,Chao-Yu Miao,Lucia Micale,Simon Michaeli,Carine Michiels,Anna Rita Migliaccio,Anastasia S. Mihailidou,Anastasia S. Mihailidou,Dalibor Mijaljica,Katsuhiko Mikoshiba,Enrico Milan,Leonor Miller-Fleming,Gordon B. Mills,Ian G. Mills,Ian G. Mills,Georgia Minakaki,Berge A. Minassian,Xiu-Fen Ming,Farida V. Minibayeva,Elena A. Minina,Justine D. Mintern,Saverio Minucci,Antonio Miranda-Vizuete,Claire H. Mitchell,Shigeki Miyamoto,Keisuke Miyazawa,Noboru Mizushima,Katarzyna Mnich,Baharia Mograbi,Simin Mohseni,Luis F. Moita,Marco Molinari,Maurizio Molinari,Maurizio Molinari,Andreas Buch Møller,Bertrand Mollereau,Faustino Mollinedo,Marco Mongillo,Martha M. Monick,Serena Montagnaro,Craig Montell,Darren J. Moore,Michael Moore,Rodrigo Mora-Rodriguez,Paula I. Moreira,Etienne Morel,Maria Beatrice Morelli,Sandra Moreno,Michael J. Morgan,Arnaud Moris,Yuji Moriyasu,Janna L. Morrison,Lynda A. Morrison,Eugenia Morselli,Jorge Moscat,Pope L. Moseley,Serge Mostowy,Elisa Motori,Denis Mottet,Jeremy C. Mottram,Charbel Moussa,Vassiliki E. Mpakou,Hasan Mukhtar,Jean M. Mulcahy Levy,Sylviane Muller,Raquel Muñoz-Moreno,Cristina Muñoz-Pinedo,Christian Münz,Maureen E. Murphy,James Murray,Aditya Murthy,Indira U. Mysorekar,Ivan R. Nabi,Massimo Nabissi,Gustavo A. Nader,Yukitoshi Nagahara,Yoshitaka Nagai,Kazuhiro Nagata,Anika Nagelkerke,Péter Nagy,Samisubbu R. Naidu,Sreejayan Nair,Hiroyasu Nakano,Hitoshi Nakatogawa,Meera Nanjundan,Gennaro Napolitano,Naweed I. Naqvi,Roberta Nardacci,Derek P. Narendra,Masashi Narita,Anna Chiara Nascimbeni,Ramesh Natarajan,Luiz Carlos Carvalho Navegantes,Steffan T. Nawrocki,Taras Y. Nazarko,Volodymyr Y. Nazarko,Thomas Neill,Luca M. Neri,Mihai G. Netea,Romana T. Netea-Maier,Bruno Miguel Neves,Paul A. Ney,Ioannis P. Nezis,Hang T.T. Nguyen,Huu Phuc Nguyen,Anne Sophie Nicot,Hilde Nilsen,Per Nilsson,Mikio Nishimura,Ichizo Nishino,Mireia Niso-Santano,Hua Niu,Ralph A. Nixon,Vincent C. O. Njar,Takeshi Noda,Angelika A. Noegel,E.M. Nolte,Erik Norberg,Koenraad Norga,Sakineh Kazemi Noureini,Shoji Notomi,Lucia Notterpek,Karin Nowikovsky,Nobuyuki Nukina,Thorsten Nürnberger,Valerie B. O'Donnell,Tracey R. O’Donovan,Peter J. O'Dwyer,Ina Oehme,Clara L. Oeste,Michinaga Ogawa,Besim Ogretmen,Yuji Ogura,Young J. Oh,Masaki Ohmuraya,Takayuki Ohshima,Rani Ojha,Koji Okamoto,Toshiro Okazaki,F. Javier Oliver,Karin Öllinger,Stefan Olsson,Daniel P. Orban,Paulina Ordonez,Idil Orhon,László Orosz,Eyleen J. O’Rourke,Helena Orozco,Angel Ortega,Elena Ortona,Laura D. Osellame,Junko Oshima,Shigeru Oshima,Heinz D. Osiewacz,Takanobu Otomo,Kinya Otsu,Jing Hsiung James Ou,Tiago F. Outeiro,Dong-Yun Ouyang,Hongjiao Ouyang,Michael Overholtzer,Michelle A. Ozbun,P. Hande Özdinler,Bulent Ozpolat,Consiglia Pacelli,Paolo Paganetti,Guylène Page,Gilles Pagès,Ugo Pagnini,Beata Pajak,Beata Pajak,Stephen C. Pak,Karolina Pakos-Zebrucka,Nazzy Pakpour,Zdena Palková,Francesca Palladino,Kathrin Pallauf,Nicolas Pallet,Marta Palmieri,Søren R. Paludan,Camilla Palumbo,Silvia Palumbo,Olatz Pampliega,Hongming Pan,Wei Pan,Theocharis Panaretakis,Aseem Pandey,Areti Pantazopoulou,Zuzana Papackova,Daniela L. Papademetrio,Issidora S. Papassideri,Alessio Papini,Nirmala Parajuli,Julián Pardo,Vrajesh V. Parekh,Giancarlo Parenti,Jong-In Park,Junsoo Park,Ohkmae K. Park,Roy Parker,Rosanna Parlato,Rosanna Parlato,Jan B. Parys,Katherine R. Parzych,Jean Max Pasquet,Benoit Pasquier,Kishore B.S. Pasumarthi,Cam Patterson,Cam Patterson,Sophie Pattingre,Scott Pattison,Arnim Pause,Hermann Pavenstädt,Flaminia Pavone,Zully Pedrozo,Fernando J. Peña,Miguel A. Peñalva,Mario Pende,Jianxin Peng,Fabio Penna,Josef M. Penninger,Anna Pensalfini,Salvatore Pepe,Gustavo J.S. Pereira,Paulo Pereira,Verónica Pérez de la Cruz,María Esther Pérez-Pérez,Diego Pérez-Rodríguez,Dolores Pérez-Sala,Celine Perier,Andras Perl,David H. Perlmutter,Ida Perrotta,Shazib Pervaiz,Shazib Pervaiz,Maija Pesonen,Jeffrey E. Pessin,Godefridus J. Peters,Morten Petersen,Irina Petrache,Basil J. Petrof,Goran Petrovski,Goran Petrovski,James M. Phang,Mauro Piacentini,Marina Pierdominici,Philippe Pierre,Valérie Pierrefite-Carle,Federico Pietrocola,Felipe X. Pimentel-Muiños,Mario Pinar,Benjamin Pineda,Ronit Pinkas-Kramarski,Marcello Pinti,Paolo Pinton,Bilal Piperdi,James M. Piret,Leonidas C. Platanias,Leonidas C. Platanias,Harald W. Platta,Edward D. Plowey,Stefanie Pöggeler,Marc Poirot,Peter Polčic,Angelo Poletti,Audrey H. Poon,Hana Popelka,Blagovesta Popova,Izabela Poprawa,Shibu M. Poulose,Joanna Poulton,Scott K. Powers,Ted Powers,Mercedes Pozuelo-Rubio,Krisna Prak,Reinhild Prange,Mark Prescott,Muriel Priault,Sharon Prince,Richard L. Proia,Tassula Proikas-Cezanne,Holger Prokisch,Vasilis J. Promponas,Karin Przyklenk,Rosa Puertollano,Subbiah Pugazhenthi,Luigi Puglielli,Aurora Pujol,Julien Puyal,Dohun Pyeon,Xin Qi,Wen Bin Qian,Zheng-Hong Qin,Yu Qiu,Ziwei Qu,Joe Quadrilatero,Frederick D. Quinn,Nina Raben,Hannah Rabinowich,Flavia Radogna,Michael J. Ragusa,Mohamed Rahmani,Komal Raina,Sasanka Ramanadham,Rajagopal Ramesh,Abdelhaq Rami,Sarron Randall-Demllo,Felix Randow,Felix Randow,Hai Rao,V. Ashutosh Rao,Blake B. Rasmussen,Tobias M. Rasse,Edward A. Ratovitski,Pierre-Emmanuel Rautou,Swapan K. Ray,Babak Razani,Bruce H. Reed,Fulvio Reggiori,Markus Rehm,Andreas S. Reichert,Theo Rein,David J. Reiner,Eric Reits,Jun Ren,Xingcong Ren,Maurizio Renna,Jane E.B. Reusch,Jane E.B. Reusch,José L. Revuelta,Leticia Reyes,Alireza R. Rezaie,Robert I. Richards,Des R. Richardson,Clémence Richetta,Michael A. Riehle,Bertrand H. Rihn,Yasuko Rikihisa,Brigit E. Riley,Gerald Rimbach,Maria Rita Rippo,Konstantinos Ritis,Federica Rizzi,Elizete Rizzo,Peter J. Roach,Jeffrey Robbins,Michel Roberge,Gabriela Roca,Maria Carmela Roccheri,Sonia Rocha,Cecília M. P. Rodrigues,Clara I. Rodríguez,Santiago Rodríguez de Córdoba,Natalia Rodriguez-Muela,Jeroen Roelofs,Vladimir V. Rogov,Troy T. Rohn,Bärbel Rohrer,Davide Romanelli,Luigina Romani,Patricia Silvia Romano,M. Isabel G. Roncero,Jose Luis Rosa,Alicia Rosello,Kirill V. Rosen,Philip Rosenstiel,Magdalena Rost-Roszkowska,Kevin A. Roth,Gaël Roué,Mustapha Rouis,Kasper M.A. Rouschop,Daniel T. Ruan,Diego Ruano,David C. Rubinsztein,Edmund B. Rucker,Assaf Rudich,Emil Rudolf,Ruediger Rudolf,Markus A. Rüegg,Carmen Ruiz-Roldán,Avnika A. Ruparelia,Paola Rusmini,David W. Russ,Gian Luigi Russo,Giuseppe Russo,Rossella Russo,Tor Erik Rusten,Victoria Ryabovol,Kevin M. Ryan,Stefan W. Ryter,David M. Sabatini,Michael Sacher,Michael Sacher,Carsten Sachse,Michael N. Sack,Junichi Sadoshima,Paul Saftig,Ronit Sagi-Eisenberg,Sumit Sahni,Pothana Saikumar,Tsunenori Saito,Tatsuya Saitoh,Koichi Sakakura,Machiko Sakoh-Nakatogawa,Yasuhito Sakuraba,María Salazar-Roa,Paolo Salomoni,Ashok K. Saluja,Paul M. Salvaterra,Rosa Salvioli,Afshin Samali,Anthony Sanchez,José Antonio Sánchez-Alcázar,Ricardo Sánchez-Prieto,Marco Sandri,Miguel A. Sanjuan,Stefano Santaguida,Laura Santambrogio,Giorgio Santoni,Cláudia N. Santos,Shweta Saran,Marco Sardiello,Graeme Sargent,Pallabi Sarkar,Sovan Sarkar,Maria Rosa Sarrias,Minnie M. Sarwal,Chihiro Sasakawa,Motoko Sasaki,Miklós Sass,Ken Sato,Miyuki Sato,Joseph Satriano,Niramol Savaraj,Svetlana Saveljeva,Liliana Schaefer,Ulrich E. Schaible,Michael Scharl,Hermann M. Schätzl,Randy Schekman,Wiep Scheper,Alfonso Schiavi,Hyman M. Schipper,Hana Schmeisser,Jens Schmidt,Ingo Schmitz,B. Schneider,E. Marion Schneider,Jaime L. Schneider,Eric A. Schon,Miriam J. Schönenberger,Axel H. Schönthal,Daniel F. Schorderet,Bernd Schröder,Sebastian Schuck,Ryan J. Schulze,Melanie Schwarten,Thomas Schwarz,Sebastiano Sciarretta,Sebastiano Sciarretta,Kathleen W. Scotto,A. Ivana Scovassi,Robert A. Screaton,Mark Screen,Hugo Seca,Simon Sedej,Laura Segatori,Nava Segev,Per Ottar Seglen,Jose M. Seguí-Simarro,Juan Segura-Aguilar,Iban Seiliez,Ekihiro Seki,Christian Sell,Clay F. Semenkovich,Gregg L. Semenza,Utpal Sen,Andreas L. Serra,Ana Serrano-Puebla,Hiromi Sesaki,Takao Setoguchi,Carmine Settembre,John J. Shacka,Ayesha N. Shajahan-Haq,Irving M. Shapiro,Shweta Sharma,Hua She,C. K.James Shen,Chiung Chyi Shen,Han-Ming Shen,Sanbing Shen,Weili Shen,Rui Sheng,Xianyong Sheng,Zu-Hang Sheng,Trevor G. Shepherd,Junyan Shi,Qiang Shi,Qinghua Shi,Yuguang Shi,Shusaku Shibutani,Kenichi Shibuya,Yoshihiro Shidoji,Jeng-Jer Shieh,Chwen Ming Shih,Yohta Shimada,Shigeomi Shimizu,Dong Wook Shin,Mari L. Shinohara,Michiko Shintani,Takahiro Shintani,Tetsuo Shioi,Ken Shirabe,Ronit Shiri-Sverdlov,Orian S. Shirihai,Gordon C. Shore,Chih-Wen Shu,Deepak Shukla,Andriy A. Sibirny,Andriy A. Sibirny,Valentina Sica,Christina J. Sigurdson,Einar M. Sigurdsson,Puran Singh Sijwali,Beata Sikorska,Wilian A. Silveira,Sandrine Silvente-Poirot,Gary A. Silverman,Jan Simak,Thomas Simmet,Anna Katharina Simon,Hans-Uwe Simon,Cristiano Simone,Matias Simons,Anne Simonsen,Rajat Singh,Shivendra V. Singh,Shrawan Kumar Singh,Debasish Sinha,Sangita C. Sinha,Frank A. Sinicrope,Agnieszka Sirko,Kapil Sirohi,Balindiwe J.N. Sishi,Annie Sittler,Parco M. Siu,Efthimios Sivridis,Anna Skwarska,Ruth S. Slack,Iva Slaninová,Nikolai Slavov,Soraya S. Smaili,Keiran S.M. Smalley,Duncan R. Smith,Stefaan J. Soenen,Scott A. Soleimanpour,Anita Solhaug,Kumaravel Somasundaram,Jin H. Son,Avinash Sonawane,Chunjuan Song,Fuyong Song,Hyun Kyu Song,Ju-Xian Song,Wei Song,Kai Y. Soo,Anil K. Sood,Tuck Wah Soong,Virawudh Soontornniyomkij,Maurizio Sorice,Federica Sotgia,David R. Soto-Pantoja,Areechun Sotthibundhu,Maria João Sousa,Herman P. Spaink,Paul N. Span,Anne Spang,Janet D. Sparks,Peter Speck,Stephen A. Spector,Claudia Spies,Wolfdieter Springer,Daret K. St. Clair,Alessandra Stacchiotti,Bart Staels,Michael T. Stang,Daniel T. Starczynowski,Petro Starokadomskyy,Clemens Steegborn,John W. Steele,Leonidas Stefanis,Joan S. Steffan,Christine M. Stellrecht,Harald Stenmark,Tomasz M. Stepkowski,Stephan T. Stern,Craig Stevens,Brent R. Stockwell,Veronika Stoka,Zuzana Storchova,Björn Stork,Vassilis Stratoulias,Dimitrios J. Stravopodis,Pavel Strnad,Anne M. Strohecker,Anna-Lena Ström,Per E. Stromhaug,Jiri Stulik,Yu Xiong Su,Zhaoliang Su,Carlos S. Subauste,Srinivasa Subramaniam,Carolyn M. Sue,Sang Won Suh,Xinbing Sui,Supawadee Sukseree,David Sulzer,Fang Lin Sun,Jiaren Sun,Jun Sun,Shi-Yong Sun,Yang Sun,Yi Sun,Yingjie Sun,Vinod Sundaramoorthy,Joseph J.Y. Sung,Hidekazu Suzuki,Kuninori Suzuki,Naoki Suzuki,Tadashi Suzuki,Yuichiro J. Suzuki,Michele S. Swanson,Charles Swanton,Karl Swärd,Ghanshyam Swarup,Sean T. Sweeney,Paul W. Sylvester,Zsuzsanna Szatmári,Eva Szegezdi,Peter W. Szlosarek,Heinrich Taegtmeyer,Marco Tafani,Emmanuel Taillebourg,Stephen W.G. Tait,Krisztina Takács-Vellai,Yoshinori Takahashi,Szabolcs Takáts,Genzou Takemura,Nagio Takigawa,Nicholas J. Talbot,Elena Tamagno,Jerome Tamburini,Cai Ping Tan,Lan Tan,Mei Lan Tan,Ming Tan,Yee-Joo Tan,Yee-Joo Tan,Keiji Tanaka,Masaki Tanaka,Daolin Tang,Dingzhong Tang,Guomei Tang,Isei Tanida,Kunikazu Tanji,Bakhos A. Tannous,Jose A. Tapia,Inmaculada Tasset-Cuevas,Marc Tatar,Iman Tavassoly,Nektarios Tavernarakis,Nektarios Tavernarakis,Allen Taylor,Graham S. Taylor,Gregory A. Taylor,J. Paul Taylor,Mark J. Taylor,Elena V. Tchetina,Andrew R. Tee,Fatima Teixeira-Clerc,Sucheta Telang,Tewin Tencomnao,Ba-Bie Teng,Ru Jeng Teng,Faraj Terro,Gianluca Tettamanti,Arianne L. Theiss,Anne Elisabeth Theron,Kelly Jean Thomas,Marcos P. Thomé,Paul G. Thomes,Andrew Thorburn,Jeremy Thorner,Thomas Thum,Michael Thumm,Teresa L. M. Thurston,Ling Tian,Andreas Till,Andreas Till,Jenny P.-Y. Ting,Vladimir I. Titorenko,Lilach Toker,Stefano Toldo,Sharon A. Tooze,Ivan Topisirovic,Maria Lyngaas Torgersen,Liliana Torosantucci,Alicia Torriglia,Maria Rosaria Torrisi,Cathy Tournier,Roberto Towns,Vladimir Trajkovic,Leonardo H. Travassos,Gemma Triola,Durga Nand Tripathi,Daniela Trisciuoglio,Rodrigo Troncoso,Ioannis P. Trougakos,Anita C. Truttmann,Kuen Jer Tsai,Mario P. Tschan,Yi Hsin Tseng,Takayuki Tsukuba,Allan Tsung,Andrey S. Tsvetkov,Shuiping Tu,Hsing Yu Tuan,Marco Tucci,David A. Tumbarello,Boris Turk,Vito Turk,Robin F. B. Turner,Anders Aune Tveita,Suresh C. Tyagi,Makoto Ubukata,Yasuo Uchiyama,Andrej Udelnow,Takashi Ueno,Midori Umekawa,Rika Umemiya-Shirafuji,Benjamin R. Underwood,Christian Ungermann,Rodrigo Portes Ureshino,Ryo Ushioda,Vladimir N. Uversky,Néstor L. Uzcátegui,Thomas Vaccari,Maria I. Vaccaro,Libuše Váchová,Helin Vakifahmetoglu-Norberg,Rut Valdor,Enza Maria Valente,François M. Vallette,Ángela M. Valverde,Greet Van den Berghe,Ludo Van Den Bosch,Gijs R. van den Brink,F. Gisou van der Goot,Ida J. van der Klei,Luc J. W. van der Laan,Wouter G. van Doorn,Marjolein van Egmond,Kenneth L. van Golen,Kenneth L. van Golen,Luc Van Kaer,Menno van Lookeren Campagne,Peter Vandenabeele,Wim Vandenberghe,Ilse Vanhorebeek,Isabel Varela-Nieto,M. Helena Vasconcelos,Radovan Vasko,Demetrios G. Vavvas,Ignacio Vega-Naredo,Guillermo Velasco,Athanassios D. Velentzas,Panagiotis D. Velentzas,Tibor Vellai,Edo Vellenga,Mikkel H. Vendelbo,Kartik Venkatachalam,Natascia Ventura,Salvador Ventura,Patrícia Sampaio Tavares Veras,Mireille Verdier,Beáta G. Vértessy,Andrea Viale,Michel Vidal,Helena L. A. Vieira,Richard D. Vierstra,Nadarajah Vigneswaran,Neeraj Vij,Miquel Vila,Margarita Villar,Victor H. Villar,Joan Villarroya,Cécile Vindis,Giampietro Viola,Maria Teresa Viscomi,Giovanni Vitale,Dan T. Vogl,Olga V. Voitsekhovskaja,Clarissa von Haefen,Karin von Schwarzenberg,Daniel E. Voth,Valérie Vouret-Craviari,Kristina Vuori,Jatin M. Vyas,Christian Waeber,Cheryl L. Walker,Mark J. Walker,Jochen Walter,Lei Wan,Lei Wan,Xiangbo Wan,Bo Wang,Caihong Wang,Chao-Yung Wang,Chengshu Wang,Chenran Wang,Chuangui Wang,Dong Wang,Fen Wang,Fuxin Wang,Guanghui Wang,Hai Jie Wang,Haichao Wang,Hong Gang Wang,Hongmin Wang,Horng-Dar Wang,Jing Wang,Junjun Wang,Mei Wang,Mei Qing Wang,Pei-Yu Wang,Peng Wang,Richard C. Wang,Shuo Wang,Ting-Fang Wang,Xian Wang,Xiao Jia Wang,Xiaowei Wang,Xin Wang,Xuejun Wang,Yan Wang,Yanming Wang,Ying Wang,Ying Jan Wang,Yipeng Wang,Yu Wang,Yu Tian Wang,Yuqing Wang,Zhi Nong Wang,Pablo Wappner,Carl Ward,Diane M. Ward,Gary Warnes,Hirotaka Watada,Yoshihisa Watanabe,Kei Watase,Timothy E. Weaver,Colin D. Weekes,Jiwu Wei,Thomas Weide,Conrad C. Weihl,Günther Weindl,Simone Nardin Weis,Longping Wen,Xin Wen,Yunfei Wen,Benedikt Westermann,Cornelia M. Weyand,Anthony R. White,Eileen White,J. Lindsay Whitton,Alexander J. Whitworth,Joëlle Wiels,Franziska Wild,Manon E. Wildenberg,Thomas Wileman,Deepti S. Wilkinson,Simon Wilkinson,Dieter Willbold,Chris Williams,Katherine Williams,Peter R. Williamson,Konstanze F. Winklhofer,Steven S. Witkin,Stephanie E. Wohlgemuth,Thomas Wollert,Ernst J. Wolvetang,Esther Wong,G. William Wong,Richard W. Wong,Vincent Kam Wai Wong,Elizabeth A. Woodcock,Karen L. Wright,Chunlai Wu,Defeng Wu,Gen Sheng Wu,Jian Wu,Junfang Wu,Mian Wu,Min Wu,Shengzhou Wu,William K.K. Wu,Yaohua Wu,Zhenlong Wu,Cristina P.R. Xavier,Ramnik J. Xavier,Gui Xian Xia,Tian Xia,Weiliang Xia,Yong Xia,Hengyi Xiao,Jian Xiao,Shi Xiao,Wuhan Xiao,Chuan-Ming Xie,Zhiping Xie,Zhonglin Xie,Maria Xilouri,Yuyan Xiong,Chuanshan Xu,Congfeng Xu,Feng Xu,Haoxing Xu,Hongwei Xu,Jian Xu,Jianzhen Xu,Jinxian Xu,Liang Xu,Xiaolei Xu,Yangqing Xu,Ye Xu,Zhi-Xiang Xu,Ziheng Xu,Yu Xue,Takahiro Yamada,Ai Yamamoto,Koji Yamanaka,Shunhei Yamashina,Shigeko Yamashiro,Bing Yan,Bo Yan,Xianghua Yan,Zhen Yan,Yasuo Yanagi,Dun-Sheng Yang,Jin Ming Yang,Liu Yang,Minghua Yang,Pei Ming Yang,Peixin Yang,Qian Yang,Wannian Yang,Wei Yuan Yang,Xuesong Yang,Yi Yang,Ying Yang,Zhifen Yang,Zhihong Yang,Meng-Chao Yao,Pamela J. Yao,Xiaofeng Yao,Zhenyu Yao,Zhiyuan Yao,Linda S. Yasui,Mingxiang Ye,Barry Yedvobnick,Behzad Yeganeh,Elizabeth S. Yeh,Patricia L. Yeyati,Fan Yi,Long Yi,Xiao Ming Yin,Calvin K. Yip,Yeong Min Yoo,Young Hyun Yoo,Seung Yong Yoon,Ken Ichi Yoshida,Tamotsu Yoshimori,Ken H. Young,Huixin Yu,Jane J. Yu,Jin-Tai Yu,Jun Yu,Li Yu,W. Haung Yu,Xiao Fang Yu,Zhengping Yu,Junying Yuan,Zhi-Min Yuan,Beatrice Y.J.T. Yue,Jianbo Yue,Zhenyu Yue,David N. Zacks,Eldad Zacksenhaus,Nadia Zaffaroni,Tania Zaglia,Zahra Zakeri,Vincent Zecchini,Jinsheng Zeng,Min Zeng,Qi Zeng,Antonis S. Zervos,Donna D. Zhang,Fan Zhang,Guo Zhang,Guo Chang Zhang,Hao Zhang,Hong Zhang,Hong Zhang,Hongbing Zhang,Hongbing Zhang,Jian Zhang,Jiangwei Zhang,Jianhua Zhang,Jing Pu Zhang,Li Zhang,Lin Zhang,Lin Zhang,Long Zhang,Ming Yong Zhang,Xiangnan Zhang,Xudong Zhang,Yan Zhang,Yang Zhang,Yanjin Zhang,Yingmei Zhang,Yingmei Zhang,Yunjiao Zhang,Mei Zhao,Wei Li Zhao,Xiaonan Zhao,Yan G. Zhao,Ying Zhao,Yongchao Zhao,Yu Xia Zhao,Zhendong Zhao,Zhizhuang J. Zhao,Dexian Zheng,Xi-Long Zheng,Xiaoxiang Zheng,Boris Zhivotovsky,Boris Zhivotovsky,Qing Zhong,Guang Zhou Zhou,Guofei Zhou,Huiping Zhou,Shu Feng Zhou,Xu-jie Zhou,Hongxin Zhu,Hua Zhu,Wei-Guo Zhu,Wenhua Zhu,Xiao Feng Zhu,Yuhua Zhu,Shi-Mei Zhuang,Xiaohong Zhuang,Elio Ziparo,Christos E. Zois,Teresa Zoladek,Wei-Xing Zong,Antonio Zorzano,Susu M. Zughaier +2522 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macro-autophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy
Daniel J. Klionsky,Fábio Camargo Abdalla,Hagai Abeliovich,Robert T. Abraham,Abraham Acevedo-Arozena,Khosrow Adeli,Lotta Agholme,Maria Agnello,Patrizia Agostinis,Julio A. Aguirre-Ghiso,Hyung Jun Ahn,Ouardia Ait-Mohamed,Slimane Ait-Si-Ali,Takahiko Akematsu,Shizuo Akira,Hesham M. Al-Younes,Munir A. Al-Zeer,Matthew L. Albert,Roger L. Albin,Javier Alegre-Abarrategui,Maria Francesca Aleo,Mehrdad Alirezaei,Alexandru Almasan,Maylin Almonte-Becerril,Atsuo Amano,Ravi K. Amaravadi,Shoba Amarnath,Amal O. Amer,Nathalie Andrieu-Abadie,Vellareddy Anantharam,David K. Ann,Shailendra Anoopkumar-Dukie,Hiroshi Aoki,Nadezda Apostolova,Giuseppe Arancia,John P. Aris,Katsuhiko Asanuma,Nana Asare,Hisashi Ashida,Valerie Askanas,David S. Askew,Patrick Auberger,Misuzu Baba,Steven K. Backues,Eric H. Baehrecke,Ben A. Bahr,Xue Yuan Bai,Yannick Bailly,Robert A. Baiocchi,Giulia Baldini,Walter Balduini,Andrea Ballabio,Andrea Ballabio,Bruce A. Bamber,Edward T. W. Bampton,Gábor Bánhegyi,Clinton R. Bartholomew,Diane C. Bassham,Robert C. Bast,Henri Batoko,Boon-Huat Bay,Isabelle Beau,Daniel Béchet,Thomas J. Begley,Christian Behl,Christian Behrends,Soumeya Bekri,Bryan H. Bellaire,Linda J. Bendall,Luca Benetti,Laura Berliocchi,Henri Bernardi,Francesca Bernassola,Sébastien Besteiro,Ingrid Bhatia-Kiššová,Xiaoning Bi,Martine Biard-Piechaczyk,Janice S. Blum,Lawrence H. Boise,Paolo Bonaldo,David L. Boone,Beat Bornhauser,Karina R. Bortoluci,Ioannis Bossis,Frédéric Bost,Jean-Pierre Bourquin,Patricia Boya,Michaël Boyer-Guittaut,Peter V. Bozhkov,Nathan R. Brady,Claudio Brancolini,Andreas Brech,Jay E. Brenman,Ana Brennand,Emery H. Bresnick,Patrick Brest,Dave Bridges,Molly L. Bristol,Paul S. Brookes,Eric J. Brown,John H. Brumell,Nicola Brunetti-Pierri,Ulf T. Brunk,Dennis E. Bulman,Scott J. Bultman,Geert Bultynck,Lena F. Burbulla,Wilfried Bursch,Jonathan P. Butchar,Wanda Christa Buzgariu,Sérgio Paulo Bydlowski,Ken Cadwell,Monika Cahova,Dongsheng Cai,Jiyang Cai,Qian Cai,Bruno Calabretta,Javier Calvo-Garrido,Nadine Camougrand,Michelangelo Campanella,Jenny Campos-Salinas,Eleonora Candi,Lizhi Cao,Allan Caplan,Simon R. Carding,Sandra M. Cardoso,Jennifer S. Carew,Cathleen R. Carlin,Virginie Carmignac,Leticia A.M. Carneiro,Serena Carra,Serena Carra,Rosario Caruso,Giorgio Casari,Caty Casas,Roberta Castino,Eduardo Cebollero,Francesco Cecconi,Jean Celli,Hassan Chaachouay,Han-Jung Chae,Chee Yin Chai,David C. Chan,Edmond Chan,Raymond Chuen-Chung Chang,Chi-Ming Che,Ching-Chow Chen,Guang-Chao Chen,Guo-Qiang Chen,Min Chen,Quan Chen,Quan Chen,Steve S.-L. Chen,Wen-Li Chen,Xi Chen,Xiangmei Chen,Xiequn Chen,Ye-Guang Chen,Yingyu Chen,Yongqiang Chen,Yu Jen Chen,Zhixiang Chen,Alan Cheng,Christopher H.K. Cheng,Yan Cheng,Heesun Cheong,Jae Ho Cheong,Sara Cherry,Russ Chess-Williams,Zelda H. Cheung,Eric Chevet,Hui Ling Chiang,Roberto Chiarelli,Tomoki Chiba,Lih-Shen Chin,Shih Hwa Chiou,Francis V. Chisari,Chi Hin Cho,Dong-Hyung Cho,Augustine M.K. Choi,Doo Seok Choi,Kyeong Sook Choi,Mary E. Choi,Salem Chouaib,Divaker Choubey,Vinay Choubey,Charleen T. Chu,Tsung Hsien Chuang,Sheau Huei Chueh,Taehoon Chun,Yong Joon Chwae,Mee-Len Chye,Roberto Ciarcia,Maria Rosa Ciriolo,Michael J. Clague,Robert S. B. Clark,Peter G.H. Clarke,Robert Clarke,Patrice Codogno,Hilary A. Coller,María Isabel Colombo,Sergio Comincini,Maria Condello,Fabrizio Condorelli,Mark R. Cookson,Graham H. Coombs,Isabelle Coppens,Ramón Corbalán,Pascale Cossart,Pascale Cossart,Paola Costelli,Safia Costes,Ana Coto-Montes,Eduardo Couve,Fraser P. Coxon,James M. Cregg,José L. Crespo,Marianne J. Cronjé,Ana Maria Cuervo,Joseph J. Cullen,Mark J. Czaja,Marcello D'Amelio,Arlette Darfeuille-Michaud,Lester M. Davids,Faith E. Davies,Massimo De Felici,John de Groot,Cornelis A. M. de Haan,Luisa De Martino,Angelo De Milito,Vincenzo De Tata,Jayanta Debnath,Alexei Degterev,Benjamin Dehay,Lea M.D. Delbridge,Francesca Demarchi,Yi Zhen Deng,Jörn Dengjel,Paul Dent,Donna Denton,Vojo Deretic,Shyamal D. Desai,Rodney J. Devenish,Mario Di Gioacchino,Gilbert Di Paolo,Chiara Di Pietro,Guillermo Díaz-Araya,Inés Díaz-Laviada,Maria T. Diaz-Meco,Javier Díaz-Nido,Ivan Dikic,Savithramma P. Dinesh-Kumar,Wen-Xing Ding,Clark W. Distelhorst,Abhinav Diwan,Mojgan Djavaheri-Mergny,Svetlana Dokudovskaya,Zheng Dong,Frank C. Dorsey,Victor E. Dosenko,James J. Dowling,Stephen J. Doxsey,Marlène Dreux,Mark E. Drew,Qiuhong Duan,Michel A. Duchosal,Karen Duff,Isabelle Dugail,Madeleine Durbeej,Michael Duszenko,Charles L. Edelstein,Aimee L. Edinger,Gustavo Egea,Ludwig Eichinger,N. Tony Eissa,Suhendan Ekmekcioglu,Wafik S. El-Deiry,Zvulun Elazar,Mohamed Elgendy,Lisa M. Ellerby,Kai Er Eng,Anna-Mart Engelbrecht,Simone Engelender,Jekaterina Erenpreisa,Ricardo Escalante,Audrey Esclatine,Eeva-Liisa Eskelinen,Lucile Espert,Virginia Espina,Huizhou Fan,Jia Fan,Qi-Wen Fan,Zhen Fan,Shengyun Fang,Yongqi Fang,Manolis Fanto,Alessandro Fanzani,Thomas Farkas,Jean-Claude Farré,Mathias Faure,Marcus Fechheimer,Carl G. Feng,Jian Feng,Qili Feng,Youji Feng,László Fésüs,Ralph Feuer,Maria E. Figueiredo-Pereira,Gian Maria Fimia,Diane C. Fingar,Steven Finkbeiner,Toren Finkel,Kim D. Finley,Filomena Fiorito,Edward A. Fisher,Paul B. Fisher,Marc Flajolet,Maria L. Florez-McClure,Salvatore Florio,Edward A. Fon,Francesco Fornai,Franco Fortunato,Rati Fotedar,Daniel H. Fowler,Howard S. Fox,Rodrigo Franco,Lisa B. Frankel,Marc Fransen,José M. Fuentes,Juan Fueyo,Jun Fujii,Kozo Fujisaki,Eriko Fujita,Mitsunori Fukuda,Ruth Furukawa,Matthias Gaestel,Philippe Gailly,Małgorzata Gajewska,Brigitte Galliot,Vincent Galy,Subramaniam Ganesh,Barry Ganetzky,Ian G. Ganley,Fen-Biao Gao,George F. Gao,Jinming Gao,Lorena García,Guillermo Garcia-Manero,Mikel Garcia-Marcos,Marjan Garmyn,Andrei L. Gartel,Evelina Gatti,Mathias Gautel,Thomas R. Gawriluk,Matthew E. Gegg,Jiefei Geng,Marc Germain,Jason E. Gestwicki,David A. Gewirtz,Saeid Ghavami,Pradipta Ghosh,Anna Maria Giammarioli,Alexandra Giatromanolaki,Spencer B. Gibson,Robert Gilkerson,Michael L. Ginger,Henry N. Ginsberg,Jakub Golab,Michael S. Goligorsky,Pierre Golstein,Candelaria Gomez-Manzano,Ebru Goncu,Céline Gongora,Claudio Gonzalez,Ramon Gonzalez,Cristina González-Estévez,Rosa A. González-Polo,Elena Gonzalez-Rey,Nikolai V. Gorbunov,Sharon M. Gorski,Sandro Goruppi,Roberta A. Gottlieb,Devrim Gozuacik,Giovanna Elvira Granato,Gary Grant,Kim N. Green,Aleš Gregorc,Frédéric Gros,Charles Grose,Thomas W. Grunt,Philippe Gual,Jun-Lin Guan,Kun-Liang Guan,Sylvie Guichard,Anna S. Gukovskaya,Ilya Gukovsky,Jan Gunst,Åsa B. Gustafsson,Andrew J. Halayko,Amber N. Hale,Sandra K. Halonen,Maho Hamasaki,Feng Han,Ting Han,Michael K. Hancock,Malene Hansen,Hisashi Harada,Masaru Harada,Stefan E. Hardt,J. Wade Harper,Adrian L. Harris,James Harris,Steven D. Harris,Makoto Hashimoto,Jeffrey A. Haspel,Jeffrey A. Haspel,Shin Ichiro Hayashi,Lori A. Hazelhurst,Congcong He,You-Wen He,Marie-Josée Hébert,Kim A. Heidenreich,Miep H. Helfrich,Gudmundur Vignir Helgason,Elizabeth P. Henske,Brian Herman,Paul K. Herman,Claudio Hetz,Sabine Hilfiker,Joseph A. Hill,Lynne J. Hocking,Paul Hofman,Thomas G. Hofmann,Jörg Höhfeld,Tessa L. Holyoake,Ming Huang Hong,David A. Hood,Gökhan S. Hotamisligil,Ewout J. Houwerzijl,Maria Høyer-Hansen,Bingren Hu,Chien-An Andy Hu,Hong-Ming Hu,Ya Hua,Canhua Huang,Ju Huang,Shengbing Huang,Wei-Pang Huang,Tobias B. Huber,Won-Ki Huh,Tai-Ho Hung,Ted R. Hupp,Gang Min Hur,James B. Hurley,Sabah N. A. Hussain,Patrick J. Hussey,Jung Jin Hwang,Seungmin Hwang,Atsuhiro Ichihara,Shirin Ilkhanizadeh,Ken Inoki,Takeshi Into,Valentina Iovane,Juan L. Iovanna,Nancy Y. Ip,Yoshitaka Isaka,Hiroyuki Ishida,Ciro Isidoro,Ken-ichi Isobe,Akiko Iwasaki,Marta Izquierdo,Yotaro Izumi,Panu Jaakkola,Marja Jäättelä,George R. Jackson,William T. Jackson,Bassam Janji,Marina Jendrach,Ju Hong Jeon,Eui-Bae Jeung,Hong Jiang,Hongchi Jiang,Jean X. Jiang,Ming Jiang,Qing Jiang,Xuejun Jiang,Alberto Jiménez,Meiyan Jin,Shengkan Jin,Cheol O. Joe,Terje Johansen,Daniel Johnson,Gail V.W. Johnson,Nicola L. Jones,Bertrand Joseph,Suresh K. Joseph,Annie M. Joubert,Gábor Juhász,Lucienne Juillerat-Jeanneret,Chang Hwa Jung,Yong-Keun Jung,Kai Kaarniranta,Allen Kaasik,Tomohiro Kabuta,Motoni Kadowaki,Katarina Kågedal,Yoshiaki Kamada,Vitaliy O. Kaminskyy,Harm H. Kampinga,Hiromitsu Kanamori,Chanhee Kang,Khong Bee Kang,Kwang Il Kang,Rui Kang,Yoon-A Kang,Tomotake Kanki,Thirumala-Devi Kanneganti,Haruo Kanno,Anumantha G. Kanthasamy,Arthi Kanthasamy,Vassiliki Karantza,Gur P. Kaushal,Susmita Kaushik,Yoshinori Kawazoe,Po-Yuan Ke,Po-Yuan Ke,John H. Kehrl,Ameeta Kelekar,Claus Kerkhoff,David Kessel,Hany Khalil,Jan A.K.W. Kiel,Amy A. Kiger,Akio Kihara,Deok Ryong Kim,Do Hyung Kim,Dong Hou Kim,Eun Kyoung Kim,Hyung Ryong Kim,Jae-Sung Kim,Jeong Hun Kim,Jin Cheon Kim,John Kim,Peter K. Kim,Seong Who Kim,Yong-Sun Kim,Yonghyun Kim,Adi Kimchi,Alec C. Kimmelman,Jason S. King,Timothy J. Kinsella,Vladimir Kirkin,Lorrie A. Kirshenbaum,Katsuhiko Kitamoto,Kaio Kitazato,Ludger Klein,Walter T. Klimecki,Jochen Klucken,Erwin Knecht,Ben C.B. Ko,Jan C. Koch,Hiroshi Koga,Jae-Young Koh,Young Ho Koh,Masato Koike,Masaaki Komatsu,Eiki Kominami,Hee Jeong Kong,Weijia Kong,Viktor I. Korolchuk,Yaichiro Kotake,Michael I. Koukourakis,Juan Kourí Flores,Attila L. Kovács,Claudine Kraft,Dimitri Krainc,Helmut Krämer,Carole Kretz-Remy,Carole Kretz-Remy,Anna M. Krichevsky,Guido Kroemer,Rejko Krüger,Oleg Krut,Nicholas T. Ktistakis,Chia Yi Kuan,Roza Kucharczyk,Ashok Kumar,Raj Kumar,Sharad Kumar,Mondira Kundu,Hsing Jien Kung,Tino Kurz,Ho Jeong Kwon,Albert R. La Spada,Albert R. La Spada,Frank Lafont,Trond Lamark,Jacques Landry,Jon D. Lane,Pierre Lapaquette,Jocelyn Laporte,Lajos László,Sergio Lavandero,Sergio Lavandero,Josée N. Lavoie,Robert Layfield,Pedro A. Lazo,Weidong Le,Laurent Le Cam,Daniel J. Ledbetter,Alvin J.X. Lee,Byung Wan Lee,Gyun Min Lee,Jongdae Lee,Ju-Hyun Lee,Michael Lee,Myung-Shik Lee,Sug Hyung Lee,Christiaan Leeuwenburgh,Patrick Legembre,Renaud Legouis,Michael Lehmann,Huan Yao Lei,Qun-Ying Lei,David A. Leib,José Leiro,John J. Lemasters,Antoinette Lemoine,Maciej S. Lesniak,Dina Lev,Victor V. Levenson,Beth Levine,Efrat Levy,Faqiang Li,Jun Lin Li,Lian Li,Sheng Li,Weijie Li,Xue-Jun Li,Yan Bo Li,Yi Ping Li,Chengyu Liang,Qiangrong Liang,Yung Feng Liao,Pawel P. Liberski,Andrew P. Lieberman,Hyunjung Jade Lim,Kah-Leong Lim,Kyu Lim,Chiou Feng Lin,Fu-Cheng Lin,Jian Lin,Jiandie D. Lin,Kui Lin,Wan-Wan Lin,Weei-Chin Lin,Yi-Ling Lin,Rafael Linden,Paul Lingor,Jennifer Lippincott-Schwartz,Michael P. Lisanti,Michael P. Lisanti,Paloma B. Liton,Bo Liu,Chun-Feng Liu,Kaiyu Liu,Leyuan Liu,Qiong A. Liu,Wei Liu,Young Chau Liu,Yule Liu,Richard A. Lockshin,Chun-Nam Lok,Sagar Lonial,Benjamin Loos,Gabriel Lopez-Berestein,Carlos López-Otín,Laura Lossi,Michael T. Lotze,Péter Löw,Binfeng Lu,Bingwei Lu,Bo Lu,Zhen Lu,Frederic Luciano,Nicholas W. Lukacs,Anders H. Lund,Melinda A. Lynch-Day,Yong Ma,Fernando Macian,Jeffrey P. MacKeigan,Kay F. Macleod,Frank Madeo,Luigi Maiuri,Maria Chiara Maiuri,Davide Malagoli,May Christine V. Malicdan,Walter Malorni,Na Man,Eva Maria Mandelkow,Stéphen Manon,Irena Manov,Kai Mao,Xiang Mao,Zixu Mao,Philippe Marambaud,Daniela Marazziti,Yves L. Marcel,Katie Marchbank,Piero Marchetti,Stefan J. Marciniak,Mateus Marcondes,Mohsen Mardi,Gabriella Marfe,Guillermo Mariño,Maria Markaki,Maria Markaki,Mark R. Marten,Seamus J. Martin,Camille Martinand-Mari,Wim Martinet,Marta Martinez-Vicente,Matilde Masini,Paola Matarrese,Saburo Matsuo,Raffaele Matteoni,Andreas Mayer,Nathalie M. Mazure,David J. McConkey,Melanie J. McConnell,Catherine McDermott,Christine McDonald,Gerald M. McInerney,Sharon L. McKenna,BethAnn McLaughlin,Pamela J. McLean,Christopher R. McMaster,G. Angus McQuibban,Alfred J. Meijer,Miriam H. Meisler,Alicia Meléndez,Thomas J. Melia,Gerry Melino,Gerry Melino,Maria Angeles Mena,Javier A. Menendez,Rubem F. S. Menna-Barreto,Manoj B. Menon,Fiona M. Menzies,Carol A. Mercer,Adalberto Merighi,Diane E. Merry,Stefania Meschini,Christian Meyer,Thomas F. Meyer,Chao-Yu Miao,Jun-Ying Miao,Paul A.M. Michels,Carine Michiels,Dalibor Mijaljica,Ana Milojkovic,Saverio Minucci,Clelia Miracco,Cindy K. Miranti,Ioannis Mitroulis,Keisuke Miyazawa,Noboru Mizushima,Baharia Mograbi,Simin Mohseni,Xavier Molero,Bertrand Mollereau,Faustino Mollinedo,Takashi Momoi,Iryna Monastyrska,Martha M. Monick,Mervyn J. Monteiro,Michael Moore,Rodrigo Mora,Kevin Moreau,Paula I. Moreira,Yuji Moriyasu,Jorge Moscat,Serge Mostowy,Jeremy C. Mottram,Tomasz Motyl,Charbel Moussa,Sylke Müller,Sylviane Muller,Karl Münger,Christian Münz,Leon Murphy,Maureen E. Murphy,Antonio Musarò,Indira U. Mysorekar,Eiichiro Nagata,Kazuhiro Nagata,Aimable Nahimana,Usha Nair,Toshiyuki Nakagawa,Kiichi Nakahira,Hiroyasu Nakano,Hitoshi Nakatogawa,Meera Nanjundan,Naweed I. Naqvi,Derek P. Narendra,Masashi Narita,Miguel Navarro,Steffan T. Nawrocki,Taras Y. Nazarko,Andriy Nemchenko,Mihai G. Netea,Thomas P. Neufeld,Paul A. Ney,Ioannis P. Nezis,Huu Phuc Nguyen,Daotai Nie,Ichizo Nishino,Corey Nislow,Ralph A. Nixon,Takeshi Noda,Angelika A. Noegel,Anna Nogalska,Satoru Noguchi,Lucia Notterpek,Ivana Novak,Tomoyoshi Nozaki,Tomoyoshi Nozaki,Nobuyuki Nukina,Thorsten Nürnberger,Beat Nyfeler,Keisuke Obara,Terry D. Oberley,Salvatore Oddo,Michinaga Ogawa,Toya Ohashi,Koji Okamoto,Nancy L. Oleinick,F. Javier Oliver,Laura J. Olsen,Stefan Olsson,Onya Opota,Timothy F. Osborne,Gary K. Ostrander,Kinya Otsu,Jing Hsiung James Ou,Mireille Ouimet,Michael Overholtzer,Bulent Ozpolat,Paolo Paganetti,Ugo Pagnini,Nicolas Pallet,Glen E. Palmer,Camilla Palumbo,Tianhong Pan,Theocharis Panaretakis,Udai Bhan Pandey,Zuzana Papackova,Issidora S. Papassideri,Irmgard Paris,Irmgard Paris,Junsoo Park,Ohkmae K. Park,Jan B. Parys,Katherine R. Parzych,Susann Patschan,W. Cam Patterson,Sophie Pattingre,John M. Pawelek,Jianxin Peng,David H. Perlmutter,Ida Perrotta,George Perry,Shazib Pervaiz,Matthias Peter,Godefridus J. Peters,Morten Petersen,Goran Petrovski,James M. Phang,Mauro Piacentini,Philippe Pierre,Valérie Pierrefite-Carle,Gérard Pierron,Ronit Pinkas-Kramarski,Antonio Piras,Natik Piri,Leonidas C. Platanias,Stefanie Pöggeler,Marc Poirot,Angelo Poletti,Christian Poüs,Mercedes Pozuelo-Rubio,Mette Prætorius-Ibba,Anil Prasad,Mark Prescott,Muriel Priault,Nathalie Produit-Zengaffinen,Ann Progulske-Fox,Tassula Proikas-Cezanne,Serge Przedborski,Karin Przyklenk,Rosa Puertollano,Julien Puyal,Shu-Bing Qian,Liang Qin,Zheng-Hong Qin,Susan E. Quaggin,Nina Raben,Hannah Rabinowich,Simon W. Rabkin,Irfan Rahman,Abdelhaq Rami,Georg Ramm,Glenn Randall,Felix Randow,V. Ashutosh Rao,Jeffrey C. Rathmell,Brinda Ravikumar,Swapan K. Ray,Bruce H. Reed,John C. Reed,Fulvio Reggiori,Anne Régnier-Vigouroux,Anne Régnier-Vigouroux,Andreas S. Reichert,John J. Reiners,Russel J. Reiter,Jun Ren,José L. Revuelta,Christopher J. Rhodes,Konstantinos Ritis,Elizete Rizzo,Jeffrey Robbins,Michel Roberge,Hernan Roca,Maria Carmela Roccheri,Stéphane Rocchi,H. Peter Rodemann,Santiago Rodríguez de Córdoba,Bärbel Rohrer,Igor B. Roninson,Kirill V. Rosen,Magdalena Rost-Roszkowska,Mustapha Rouis,Kasper M.A. Rouschop,Francesca Rovetta,Brian P. Rubin,David C. Rubinsztein,Klaus Ruckdeschel,Edmund B. Rucker,Assaf Rudich,Emil Rudolf,Nelson Ruiz-Opazo,Rossella Russo,Tor Erik Rusten,Kevin M. Ryan,Stefan W. Ryter,David M. Sabatini,Junichi Sadoshima,Tapas Saha,Tatsuya Saitoh,Hiroshi Sakagami,Yasuyoshi Sakai,Ghasem Hosseini Salekdeh,Paolo Salomoni,Paul M. Salvaterra,Guy S. Salvesen,Rosa Salvioli,Anthony Sanchez,José Antonio Sánchez-Alcázar,Ricardo Sánchez-Prieto,Marco Sandri,Uma Sankar,Poonam Sansanwal,Laura Santambrogio,Shweta Saran,Sovan Sarkar,Minnie M. Sarwal,Chihiro Sasakawa,Ausra Sasnauskiene,Miklós Sass,Ken Sato,Miyuki Sato,Anthony H.V. Schapira,Michael Scharl,Hermann M. Schätzl,Wiep Scheper,Stefano Schiaffino,Claudio Schneider,Marion Schneider,Regine Schneider-Stock,Patricia V. Schoenlein,Daniel F. Schorderet,Christoph Schüller,Gary K. Schwartz,Luca Scorrano,Linda Sealy,Per Ottar Seglen,Juan Segura-Aguilar,Iban Seiliez,Oleksandr Seleverstov,Christian Sell,Jong Bok Seo,Duska Separovic,Vijayasaradhi Setaluri,Takao Setoguchi,Carmine Settembre,John J. Shacka,Mala Shanmugam,Irving M. Shapiro,Eitan Shaulian,Reuben J. Shaw,James H. Shelhamer,Han-Ming Shen,Wei-Chiang Shen,Zu-Hang Sheng,Yang Shi,Kenichi Shibuya,Yoshihiro Shidoji,Jeng-Jer Shieh,Chwen Ming Shih,Yohta Shimada,Shigeomi Shimizu,Takahiro Shintani,Orian S. Shirihai,Gordon C. Shore,Andriy A. Sibirny,Andriy A. Sibirny,Stan B. Sidhu,Beata Sikorska,Elaine C.M. Silva-Zacarin,Alison Simmons,Anna Katharina Simon,Hans-Uwe Simon,Cristiano Simone,Anne Simonsen,David A. Sinclair,Rajat Singh,Debasish Sinha,Frank A. Sinicrope,Agnieszka Sirko,Parco M. Siu,Efthimios Sivridis,Vojtech Skop,Vladimir P. Skulachev,Ruth S. Slack,Soraya S. Smaili,Duncan R. Smith,Maria S. Soengas,Thierry Soldati,Xueqin Song,Anil K. Sood,Tuck Wah Soong,Federica Sotgia,Stephen A. Spector,Stephen A. Spector,Claudia Spies,Wolfdieter Springer,Srinivasa M. Srinivasula,Leonidas Stefanis,Joan S. Steffan,Ruediger Stendel,Harald Stenmark,Anastasis Stephanou,Stephan T. Stern,Cinthya Sternberg,Björn Stork,Peter Strålfors,Carlos S. Subauste,Xinbing Sui,David Sulzer,Jiaren Sun,Shi-Yong Sun,Zhi Jun Sun,Joseph J.Y. Sung,Kuninori Suzuki,Toshihiko Suzuki,Michele S. Swanson,Charles Swanton,Sean T. Sweeney,Lai King Sy,Gyorgy Szabadkai,Ira Tabas,Heinrich Taegtmeyer,Marco Tafani,Krisztina Takács-Vellai,Yoshitaka Takano,Kaoru Takegawa,Genzou Takemura,Fumihiko Takeshita,Nicholas J. Talbot,Kevin S. W. Tan,Keiji Tanaka,Kozo Tanaka,Daolin Tang,Dingzhong Tang,Isei Tanida,Bakhos A. Tannous,Nektarios Tavernarakis,Graham S. Taylor,Gregory A. Taylor,J. Paul Taylor,Ance S. Terada,Alexei Terman,Gianluca Tettamanti,Karin Thevissen,Craig B. Thompson,Andrew Thorburn,Michael Thumm,Feng Feng Tian,Yuan Tian,Glauco P. Tocchini-Valentini,Aviva M. Tolkovsky,Yasuhiko Tomino,Lars Tönges,Sharon A. Tooze,Cathy Tournier,John Tower,Roberto Towns,Vladimir Trajkovic,Leonardo H. Travassos,Ting Fen Tsai,Mario P. Tschan,Takeshi Tsubata,Allan Tsung,Boris Turk,Lorianne S. Turner,Suresh C. Tyagi,Yasuo Uchiyama,Takashi Ueno,Midori Umekawa,Rika Umemiya-Shirafuji,Vivek K. Unni,Maria I. Vaccaro,Enza Maria Valente,Enza Maria Valente,Greet Van den Berghe,Ida J. van der Klei,Wouter G. van Doorn,Linda F. van Dyk,Marjolein van Egmond,Leo A. van Grunsven,Peter Vandenabeele,Wim Vandenberghe,Ilse Vanhorebeek,Eva C. Vaquero,Guillermo Velasco,Tibor Vellai,Jose Miguel Vicencio,Richard D. Vierstra,Miquel Vila,Cécile Vindis,Cécile Vindis,Giampietro Viola,Maria Teresa Viscomi,Olga V. Voitsekhovskaja,Clarissa von Haefen,Marcela Votruba,Keiji Wada,Richard Wade-Martins,Cheryl L. Walker,Craig M. Walsh,Jochen Walter,Xiang Bo Wan,Aimin Wang,Chenguang Wang,Dawei Wang,Fan Wang,Fen Wang,Guanghui Wang,Haichao Wang,Hong Gang Wang,Horng-Dar Wang,Jin Wang,Ke Wang,Mei Wang,Richard C. Wang,Xinglong Wang,Xuejun Wang,Ying Jan Wang,Yipeng Wang,Zhen Wang,Zhigang Charles Wang,Zhi-Nong Wang,Derick G. Wansink,Diane M. Ward,Hirotaka Watada,Sarah Waters,Paul Webster,Lixin Wei,Conrad C. Weihl,William A. Weiss,Scott M. Welford,Longping Wen,Caroline A. Whitehouse,J. Lindsay Whitton,Alexander J. Whitworth,Thomas Wileman,John W. Wiley,Simon Wilkinson,Dieter Willbold,Roger L. Williams,Peter R. Williamson,Bradly G. Wouters,Chenghan Wu,Dao Cheng Wu,William K.K. Wu,Andreas Wyttenbach,Ramnik J. Xavier,Zhijun Xi,Pu Xia,Gengfu Xiao,Zhiping Xie,Zhonglin Xie,Da Zhi Xu,Jianzhen Xu,Liang Xu,Xiaolei Xu,Ai Yamamoto,Akitsugu Yamamoto,Shunhei Yamashina,Michiaki Yamashita,Xianghua Yan,Mitsuhiro Yanagida,Dun-Sheng Yang,Elizabeth Yang,Jin Ming Yang,Shi Yu Yang,Wannian Yang,Wei Yuan Yang,Zhifen Yang,Meng-Chao Yao,Tso-Pang Yao,Behzad Yeganeh,Wei Lien Yen,Jia Jing Yin,Xiao Ming Yin,Ook Joon Yoo,Gyesoon Yoon,Seung Yong Yoon,Tomohiro Yorimitsu,Yuko Yoshikawa,Tamotsu Yoshimori,Kohki Yoshimoto,Ho Jin You,Richard J. Youle,Anas Younes,Li Yu,Long Yu,Seong-Woon Yu,Wai Haung Yu,Zhi-Min Yuan,Zhenyu Yue,Cheol-Heui Yun,Michisuke Yuzaki,Olga Zabirnyk,Elaine Silva-Zacarin,E. David Zacks,Ldad Zacksenhaus,Nadia Zaffaroni,Zahra Zakeri,Herbert J. Zeh,Scott Zeitlin,Hong Zhang,Hui Ling Zhang,Jianhua Zhang,Jing Pu Zhang,Lin Zhang,Long Zhang,Ming Yong Zhang,Xudong Zhang,Mantong Zhao,Yi Fang Zhao,Ying Zhao,Zhizhuang J. Zhao,Xiaoxiang Zheng,Boris Zhivotovsky,Qing Zhong,Cong Zhao Zhou,Changlian Zhu,Wei-Guo Zhu,Xiao Feng Zhu,Xiongwei Zhu,Yuangang Zhu,Teresa Zoladek,Wei-Xing Zong,Antonio Zorzano,Jürgen Zschocke,Brian S. Zuckerbraun +1287 more
TL;DR: These guidelines are presented for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Methods in Mammalian Autophagy Research
TL;DR: Methods to monitor autophagy and to modulate autophagic activity are discussed, with a primary focus on mammalian macroautophagy.
Journal ArticleDOI
Parkin is recruited selectively to impaired mitochondria and promotes their autophagy
TL;DR: It is shown that Parkin is selectively recruited to dysfunctional mitochondria with low membrane potential in mammalian cells and this recruitment promotes autophagy of damaged mitochondria and implicate a failure to eliminate dysfunctional mitochondira in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy in higher eukaryotes
Daniel J. Klionsky,Hagai Abeliovich,Patrizia Agostinis,Devendra K. Agrawal,Gjumrakch Aliev,David S. Askew,Misuzu Baba,Eric H. Baehrecke,Ben A. Bahr,Andrea Ballabio,Bruce A. Bamber,Diane C. Bassham,Ettore Bergamini,Xiaoning Bi,Martine Biard-Piechaczyk,Janice S. Blum,Dale E. Bredesen,Jeffrey L. Brodsky,John H. Brumell,Ulf T. Brunk,Wilfried Bursch,Nadine Camougrand,Eduardo Cebollero,Francesco Cecconi,Yingyu Chen,Lih-Shen Chin,Augustine M.K. Choi,Charleen T. Chu,Jongkyeong Chung,Peter G.H. Clarke,Robert S. B. Clark,Steven Clarke,Corinne Clavé,John L. Cleveland,Patrice Codogno,María Isabel Colombo,Ana Coto-Montes,James M. Cregg,Ana Maria Cuervo,Jayanta Debnath,Francesca Demarchi,Patrick B. Dennis,Phillip A. Dennis,Vojo Deretic,Rodney J. Devenish,Federica Di Sano,J. Fred Dice,Marian DiFiglia,Savithramma P. Dinesh-Kumar,Clark W. Distelhorst,Mojgan Djavaheri-Mergny,Frank C. Dorsey,Wulf Dröge,Michel Dron,William A. Dunn,Michael Duszenko,N. Tony Eissa,Zvulun Elazar,Audrey Esclatine,Eeva-Liisa Eskelinen,László Fésüs,Kim D. Finley,José M. Fuentes,Juan Fueyo,Kozo Fujisaki,Brigitte Galliot,Fen-Biao Gao,David A. Gewirtz,Spencer B. Gibson,Antje Gohla,Alfred L. Goldberg,Ramon Gonzalez,Cristina González-Estévez,Sharon M. Gorski,Roberta A. Gottlieb,Dieter Häussinger,You-Wen He,Kim A. Heidenreich,Joseph A. Hill,Maria Høyer-Hansen,Xun Hu,Wei-Pang Huang,Akiko Iwasaki,Marja Jäättelä,William T. Jackson,Xuejun Jiang,Shengkan Jin,Terje Johansen,Jae U. Jung,Motoni Kadowaki,Chanhee Kang,Ameeta Kelekar,David Kessel,Jan A.K.W. Kiel,Pyo Kim Hong,Adi Kimchi,Timothy J. Kinsella,Kirill Kiselyov,Katsuhiko Kitamoto,Erwin Knecht,Masaaki Komatsu,Eiki Kominami,Seiji Kondo,Attila L. Kovács,Guido Kroemer,Chia Yi Kuan,Rakesh Kumar,Mondira Kundu,Jacques Landry,Marianne M. Laporte,Weidong Le,Huan Yao Lei,Michael J. Lenardo,Beth Levine,Andrew P. Lieberman,Kah-Leong Lim,Fu-Cheng Lin,Willisa Liou,Leroy F. Liu,Gabriel Lopez-Berestein,Carlos López-Otín,Bo Lu,Kay F. Macleod,Walter Malorni,Wim Martinet,Ken Matsuoka,Josef Mautner,Alfred J. Meijer,Alicia Meléndez,Paul A.M. Michels,Giovanni Miotto,Wilhelm P. Mistiaen,Noboru Mizushima,Baharia Mograbi,Iryna Monastyrska,Michael Moore,Paula I. Moreira,Yuji Moriyasu,Tomasz Motyl,Christian Münz,Leon Murphy,Naweed I. Naqvi,Thomas P. Neufeld,Ichizo Nishino,Ralph A. Nixon,Takeshi Noda,Bernd Nürnberg,Michinaga Ogawa,Nancy L. Oleinick,Laura J. Olsen,Bulent Ozpolat,Shoshana Paglin,Glen E. Palmer,Issidora S. Papassideri,Miles Parkes,David H. Perlmutter,George Perry,Mauro Piacentini,Ronit Pinkas-Kramarski,Mark Prescott,Tassula Proikas-Cezanne,Nina Raben,Abdelhaq Rami,Fulvio Reggiori,Bärbel Rohrer,David C. Rubinsztein,Kevin M. Ryan,Junichi Sadoshima,Hiroshi Sakagami,Yasuyoshi Sakai,Marco Sandri,Chihiro Sasakawa,Miklós Sass,Claudio Schneider,Per Ottar Seglen,Oleksandr Seleverstov,Jeffrey Settleman,John J. Shacka,Irving M. Shapiro,Andrei A. Sibirny,Elaine C.M. Silva-Zacarin,Hans-Uwe Simon,Crisfiano Simone,Anne Simonsen,Mark A. Smith,Katharina Spanel-Borowski,Vickram Srinivas,Meredith A. Steeves,Harald Stenmark,Per E. Stromhaug,Carlos S. Subauste,Seiichiro Sugimoto,David Sulzer,Toshihiko Suzuki,Michele S. Swanson,Ira Tabas,Fumihiko Takeshita,Nicholas J. Talbot,Zsolt Tallóczy,Keiji Tanaka,Kozo Tanaka,Isei Tanida,Graham S. Taylor,J. Paul Taylor,Alexei Terman,Gianluca Tettamanti,Craig B. Thompson,Michael Thumm,Aviva M. Tolkovsky,Sharon A. Tooze,Ray Truant,Lesya V. Tumanovska,Yasuo Uchiyama,Takashi Ueno,Néstor L. Uzcátegui,Ida J. van der Klei,Eva C. Vaquero,Tibor Vellai,Michael W. Vogel,Hong Gang Wang,Paul Webster,John W. Wiley,Zhijun Xi,Gutian Xiao,Joachim Yahalom,Jin Ming Yang,George S. Yap,Xiao Ming Yin,Tamotsu Yoshimori,Li Yu,Zhenyu Yue,Michisuke Yuzaki,Olga Zabirnyk,Xiaoxiang Zheng,Xiongwei Zhu,Russell L. Deter +235 more
TL;DR: A set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of the methods that can be used by investigators who are attempting to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as by reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that investigate these processes are presented.